Model-based simulations of viral load trajectories in samples from the upper and lower respiratory tract, stool, blood, urine, ocular secretions, and breast milk were generated. Cox-PH modeling showed longer time to viral clearance in older patients, men, and those with more severe disease. Remdesivir was associated with faster viral clearance (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 9.19, P less then 0.001), as well as interferon, particularly when combined with ribavirin (AHR = 2.2, P = 0.015; AHR = 6.04, P = 0.006). Combination therapy should be further investigated. A viral dynamic dataset and NLME model for designing and analyzing antiviral trials has been established.Maternal care plays a crucial role for infant development. In humans, skin-to-skin care is often used for preterm infants to reduce acute stress and improve long-term developmental outcome. Here we propose a new translational approach to study the effects of acute increases in maternal care on offspring development in rodents. First, pilot studies determined that dams spent more time licking pups covered in hazelnut cocoa spread (Nutella® )) than any other studied substance. For the main experiment, Sprague-Dawley rats were bred in-house, and Nutella® was applied four times a day to treatment pups (2 males/females per litter) of seven litters from PN2 to 5. Control pups (2 males/females per litter) were handled similarly without applying any substance.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tabersonine.html  Maternal licking and grooming behavior was observed for 30 min following each Nutella® application. Nutella® -covered pups received significantly more licking and grooming compared to control pups within each litter. There was no difference in body weight or basal serum corticosterone levels between Nutella® -covered and control pups on PN5, suggesting that the Nutella® application and subsequent increased maternal licking was not stressful for the pups. Future studies will investigate whether this increase in maternal care can protect pups from stress- or pain-induced rises in corticosterone.Introduction of the 'Transgender Phenomenon' "Dave King and Richard Ekins are the leading world sociologists in the field of transgender research. They have put together a brilliant synthesis of history, case studies, ideas and positions as they have emerged over the past thirty years, and bring together a rich and grounded account of this field, providing a state of the art of critical concepts and ideas in this field further during the twenty first century."¹ Based on two decades of fieldwork, life history work, qualitative analysis, archival work and contact with several thousand cross-dressers and sex-changers around the world, these researchers have distinguished a number of contemporary Transgendering 'stories'. 'The assignment of an individual as being of the male or female sex is most often based on the phenotypic appearance of the external genitalia at birth, which is largely determined by the chromosomal type (most commonly 46,XX or 46,XY). Gender identity, however, is an individual's perceived or experienced gender, which may or may not be the same as one's sex assigned at birth. The concept of gender identity includes gradations of masculinity to femininity and maleness to femaleness, as well as identification of some individuals as having nonbinary gender, which means being essentially neither male nor female, or a combination of both. Gender nonconformity is behavioral variation in gender expression (e.g., clothing, mannerisms, accessories, and hairstyles) from cultural and societal norms expected for that gender. Sexual orientation is defined as the physical and emotional attraction of an individual to same-sex people (lesbian or gay; homosexual), both same-sex and opposite-sex people (bisexual), or opposite-sex people (heterosexual).² Transgender is an all-inclusive term that may include all individuals whose gender identity or expression does not align with their assigned birth sex and/or those whose gender identity is outside of the binary male/female classification'.².Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome is a Primary Immuno-deficiency Syndrome (PIDS) characterized by high serum immunoglobulin E, eczema rash and recurrent sinopulmonary and skin infections. In this report, we present a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip in a young patient with Hyper IgE syndrome. The patient had initially developed a chronic non-healing ulcer and a biopsy done revealed a squamous cell carcinoma. Immunodeficiency has been recognized as an essential risk factor for cancer through immune dysregulation and defective immunosurveillance.COVID-19 is a global pandemic, with attendant high morbidity and mortality. There is no previous documentation of its coinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis; the single most common cause of death from an infectious disease. Management and survival from this "cruel duel" in a low resource country will be daunting. We report the case of a middle-aged man who survived and the lessons learned from a COVID-19 treatment centre in the north-central of Nigeria. The patient presented with symptoms and clinical features of COVID-19 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed with laboratory investigation. The patient commenced anti-tuberculous medications, received nutritional support and other supportive treatment for COVID-19 infection. He was discharged home to continue follow up at the medical outpatient and the DOTS clinic. Early recognition and prompt treatment are critical for a favourable clinical outcome.Chordomas are rare, aggressive, bone cancers with notochordal differentiation, a marked predilection for the axial skeleton, and higher incidence in males. Approximately 30% of chordomas occur at the skull base where they make up 0.1-0.2% of all intracranial neoplasms, and 6-16% of skull base neoplasms. Skull base chordomas typically occur between 20 and 40 years of age. We report a case of skull base chordoma in a 35 year old man, who presented with a 10 year history of symptoms, and died before treatment could be instituted. Late presentation and delay in treatment are contributing factors in the demise of this patient. The need for a high index of suspicion, early imaging and prompt referral in patients with symptoms attributable to an intracranial tumor is emphasized.