https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hth-01-015.html d declines in eGFR up to 3 years after surgery, changes in eGFR tracked poorly with changes in BMI. This study provides evidence that the kidney-related benefits of bariatric surgery may be at least partly independent of weight loss. Confirming this hypothesis could lead to mechanistic insights and new treatment options for CKD. Surgical options for displaced metacarpal shaft fractures include the use of Kirschner wires, plates and screws, and most recently, intramedullary headless compression screws (IMHCS), which have been reported using only retrograde insertion through the metacarpal head. We evaluated IMHCS fixation of metacarpal shaft fractures through an antegrade approach in a cadaver model. We performed antegrade placement of IMHCS in 10 cadaver hands including all 5 digits (total of 50). Displaced transverse proximal metacarpal shaft fractures were created and reduced with a retrograde guidewire from the metacarpal head across the shaft fracture andexiting the metacarpal base. This was retrieved through a 6-mm dorsal wrist incision and overdrilled before the placement of a 4.1-mm-diameter IMHCS in the ring finger and a 4.7-mm screw in all other metacarpals. After IMHCS placement, carpometacarpal (CMC) joint violation was measured along with the optimal starting point for the guidewire on the metacarpal head relative to ixation successfully avoids the potential morbidity of creating a metacarpal head articular surface or extensor mechanism defect at the metacarpophalangeal joint seen with the retrograde approaches.The 'narco-frontier' is frequently invoked in policy and popular narratives about drugs and armed conflict. The frontier is represented as an unruly, marginal and 'ungoverned' space, a magnate for drug traffickers, rebels and migrants. These 'non state' or 'anti state' spaces are believed to have a comparative advantage in illegality, with borderlands and frontiers becoming centres for the produ