https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bx471.html 8±2.4cmH O, which positively correlated with BMI and forced vital capacity (FVC). Group A had a higher C than Group B at T , T , T (p<0.05) and a smaller ΔP than Group B at T , T (p<0.01). At T , PaO was significantly higher in Group A (p<0.01). At T , stroke volume variation was higher in Group A (p<0.01). Postoperative outcomes did not differ between the two groups. Our findings suggest that the individualized PEEP can increase lung compliance, reduce driving pressure, and improve pulmonary oxygenation in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy, with little effect on hemodynamics. Our findings suggest that the individualized PEEP can increase lung compliance, reduce driving pressure, and improve pulmonary oxygenation in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy, with little effect on hemodynamics. Postoperative cough may occur after tracheal intubation, but it is indistinct which drug is best at diminishing these events. Additionally, airway reflexes are commonly accompanied by severe hemodynamics responses during emergence. To evaluate the role of topical airway anesthesia on immediate post-extubation cough/bucking and extubation time. Randomized clinical trials from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and LILACS published until December 23, 2020 were included. Our primary outcome was postoperative cough/bucking incidence which was compared between local anesthetics and controls. Extubation times were likewise considered. Predisposition appraisal and subgroup, affectability investigations were likewise performed. The pooled analysis found a 45% reduction in cough incidence after treatment with topical airway local anesthetic (RR=0.55; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.72; p<0.001). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 4.61. The intervention showed no differences in reduction of the extubation time (mean difference = -0.07; 95% CI -0.14 to 0.28; p=0.49). Topical airway anesthesia demonstrated better than placebo or no medication in reduc