https://www.selleckchem.com/products/harmine.html HSP70 expression in residual cancer cells was significantly increased post-RFA treatment, which notably promoted pancreatic cancer growth. Elevated HSP70 promoted cell proliferation by activating AKT-mTOR signaling. Finally, RFA treatment combined with an mTOR inhibitor exerted a synergetic repressive effect on tumor growth in the preclinical murine cancer model. RFA treatment in combination with mTOR signaling blockade can not only promote tumor immune response, but also restrain residual cancer cell proliferation. Such a combination may be a promising and effective therapeutic strategy for LAPC patients. RFA treatment in combination with mTOR signaling blockade can not only promote tumor immune response, but also restrain residual cancer cell proliferation. Such a combination may be a promising and effective therapeutic strategy for LAPC patients. Melatonin has been shown to increase brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, which can lead to important metabolic effects, such as bodyweight reduction and glycemic improvement. However, BAT mass can only be measured invasively and. The gold standard for non-invasive measurement of BAT activity is positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-d-glucose ( F-FDG PET). There is no study, to our knowledge, that has evaluated if melatonin influences BAT activity, measured by this imaging technique in animals. Three experimental groups of Wistar rats (control, pinealectomy, and pinealectomy replaced with melatonin) had an F-FDG PET performed at room temperature and after acute cold exposure. The ratio of increased BAT activity after cold exposure/room temperature was called "acute thermogenic capacity" (ATC) We also measured UCP-1 mRNA expression to correlate with the F-FDG PET results. Pinealectomy led to reduced acute thermogenic capacity, compared with the other groups, as well as reduced UCP1 mRNA expression. Melatonin deficiency impairs BAT response when expos