https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cft8634.html After 3 cycles of regeneration, the modified ISSA still showed a satisfying adsorption capacity. As(V) was removed by the modified ISSA mainly through ligand exchange reaction with hydroxyl oxygen (OH-) to form inner-sphere complexes. Therefore, the modified ISSA can be a promising material for As(V) removal from wastewater in particular due to the waste recycling potential. To investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between aluminum exposure and lung function and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The repeated-measure study was developed with 3917 adults from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort and they were followed-up after 3 years and 6 years. Urinary aluminum and lung function were measured at each period. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the exposure-response relationship between urinary aluminum and lung function. COX regression models were used to evaluate the association of urinary aluminum with the risk of COPD. A total of 6996 observations including 2251 (32.2%) males with a mean age of 54.8 years were included. In the cross-sectional analyses, each 1-unit increase in log-transformed urinary aluminum was associated with a-33.34mL (95% confidence interval (CI)-45.71 to-20.96) change in forced vital capacity (FVC) and a-17.89mL (-27.80 to-7.97) change in forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1). The follow-up analyses detected a negative association between urinary aluminum and the annual change of FVC (-6.73mL/year, 95% CI -10.92 to-2.54), while the association of annual decline of FEV1 with urinary aluminum was statistically insignificant (-2.26mL/year,-5.76 to 1.23). In the adjusted COX regression model, each 1-unit increase in log-transformed urinary aluminum was associated with a 29% increase in the incident risk of COPD (hazard ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.04-1.62). Increased urinary aluminum was associated with lung function reduction and the increased risk of COPD in a