We here describe the case of a 43-year-old White woman who was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs that caused an adverse drug reaction. The objective of this study was to describe the outcome of a pregnancy under baricitinib, a JAK-inhibitor drug, in a woman affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Scant data are available about the safety of JAK inhibitors during pregnancy. A case report and review of literature about JAK-inhibitor exposure during pregnancy were conducted. After the failure of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs due to a loss of efficacy and adverse drug reaction, the patient was started on baricitinib when it was marketed. During the fifth month of this treatment, she reported missing her period and a pregnancy was confirmed, despite a previous recommendation of adequate contraception. Thus, she had been exposed to baricitinib for several weeks before conception and during the whole first-trimester until the 17th week of gestation. The treatment with baricitinib was promptly discontinued and she was regularly examined. Foetal growth was normal throughout pregnancy and ultrasound examination did not detect any macroscopic abnormality. This is the first report of exposure to baricitinib during pregnancy outside the drug registration study program. We report the positive pregnancy outcome of a continuous exposure to baricitinib during the first 17 weeks of pregnancy. Small molecules, such as JAK inhibitors, are increasingly being used in clinical practice in rheumatoid arthritis and in other diseases. Hence, more broad and focused studies are required to have an insight of safety for this drug class in the case of accidental exposure before or during pregnancy. © The Author(s), 2020.Background Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM), especially the familial form, is a relatively rare congenital and occult vascular disease of the central nervous system. The familial form of CCM has been linked to three different genes KRIT1/CCM1, MGC4607/CCM2, and PDCD10/CCM3; however, the genetic basis of CCM is not well understood. The PDCD10/CCM3 is the most recent gene to be identified that results in worse clinical symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for patient prognosis. Case report The proband is a 38-year-old male who has been suffering from weakness in the limbs for 7 months. Investigation of his family history revealed that his mother also suffered from limbs paralysis and had been bedridden for a long time. His older brother suffered from headache for years, whereas his younger brother was asymptomatic. Brain computed tomography analysis of all family members showed multiple high-density shadows. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging analysis identified more prominent and similar multiple intracranial lesions in all family members. The lesions were hypo-intense, or showed mixed signs on T1-weighted imaging, and were significantly more intense on T2-weighted imaging. To understand the genetic basis of the disease in the family, DNA sequencing analysis was performed. A novel deletion mutation in the PDCD10/CCM3 gene was identified in the proband and his relatives. The deletion resulted in a frameshift mutation and premature termination of translation of the protein, and potentially caused the disease in this family. Conclusions Our study identified a novel PDCD10/CCM3 heterozygous deletion (c.165delT) associated with CCM. This finding expands the CCM gene mutation profile, which will be beneficial for genetic counseling and clinical therapy. © The Author(s), 2020.Background Fetal cells collected from the amniotic fluid of two pregnant women indicated sex chromosome abnormalities. Therefore, we performed G-banded chromosome karyotype analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and sequence-tagged sites (STS) analysis of the Y chromosome to determine the rare molecular genetics of the two fetuses. Case presentation The karyotypes of the fetuses from patients 1 and 2 were mos 45,X[92]/46,X,+idic(Y)(q11.21)[8] and mos 45,X[20]/46,X,+idic(Y)(q11.223)[80], respectively. Fetus 1 had a 7.76 Mb deletion in Yq11.222q11.23 and a 15.68 Mb duplication in Yp11.2q11.21. Fetus 2 had 21 Mb of repetitive segments in Yp11.3q11.223. Azoospermia factor (AZF) detection by STS analysis revealed a missing AZFb+c region in fetus 1 and three functional AZF regions in fetus 2. The isodicentric Y chromosome (idic (Y)) in both fetuses arose de novo. The pregnancy of patient 1 was terminated, whereas the fetus of patient 2 was delivered and is now 10 months old with normal appearance and growth. Conclusion A combination of technologies such as chromosome karyotyping, FISH, SNP arrays, and STS analysis of the Y chromosome is important in prenatal diagnosis to reduce birth defect rates and improve the health of the Chinese population. © The Author(s). 2020.Background This study tested the effectiveness of a supported self-management (SSM) intervention to reduce symptoms of depression among adults compared with enhanced treatment as usual in community-based and primary care settings in Vietnam. Methods The cluster randomized trial included 376 adults in 32 communes in eight provinces. Eligible participants scored > 7 on the SRQ-20 depression scale. Patients with severe symptoms were excluded and referred to tertiary care. Randomization took place at the commune level. The immediate intervention group included 16 communes with 190 participants and the delayed group included 16 communes with 186 participants. Participants in communes randomized to the immediate intervention group received a two-month course of SSM, consisting of a workbook and supportive coaching. Those in communes randomized to the delayed group received enhanced treatment as usual and, for ethical purposes, received the SSM intervention after 4 months. The primary outcome is the effect of SSM on reduction in depression scores as indicated by a reduced proportion of participants with SRQ-20 scores > 7 at 2 months after commencement of SSM intervention.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Decitabine.html  Blinding was not possible during intervention delivery but outcome assessors were blinded. Analysis was intention-to-treat. Results At 2 months, 26.4% of the intervention group and 42.3% of the delayed group had SRQ-20 scores > 7. The adjusted odds ratio of having depression between the intervention and control was 0.42 (p  less then  0.0001), 95% CI (0.28, 0.63). Receiving the intervention thus reduces the odds of having depression by 58%, compared with receiving the control after 2 months of treatment. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions Results suggest that SSM is effective for decreasing depression symptoms among adults in community-based settings in Vietnam.Trial Registration This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03001063. © The Author(s) 2020.