https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bi-d1870.html Long-term depression (LTD) is a form of physiologic plasticity that is important for reversal learning and may be linked to major depression. Few studies have examined LTP-like plasticity in patients with depression. It is unclear if continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) induced LTD is altered in depression patients. Here we recruited 29 healthy control subjects and 31 female patients with depression. We performed cTBS protocol on left motor cortex and employed motor evoked potentials (MEPs) response to measure LTD-like plasticity. Peripheral molecules were measured for correlation analyses to cortical plasticity. Our results revealed persistent LTD-like plasticity deficits in female patients with depression. LTD-like plasticity was impaired in patients with depression despite the fact that peripheral concentrations of BDNF were comparable to that of healthy subjects. Our findings provide evidence for impaired LTD-like plasticity in patients with depression which may be an important mechanism linked to the pathophysiology and treatment of this disorder. Our findings provide evidence for impaired LTD-like plasticity in patients with depression which may be an important mechanism linked to the pathophysiology and treatment of this disorder. Respiratorytract infections (RTIs) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) secondary to interleukin (IL) 12/23 or IL-23 antagonists have been reported in autoimmune diseases. To assess the risk of RTIs and noninfectious ILD with these drugs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Risk of RTIs and noninfectious ILD was compared to placebo by Mantel-Haenszel risk difference. We divided RTIs into upper RTIs (URTI), viral URTIs, and lower RTIs (LRTIs) including infectious pneumonia. Noninfectious ILD included ILD, eosinophilic pneumonia, and pneumonitis. We identified 54 randomized controlled trials including 10,907 patients with 6 IL-12/23