Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction A ramp for wheelchairs is a vital tool for helping a loved one live at home independently. If they are not designed properly they could be dangerous to use. ADA regulations require that landings must be level with any shift in direction to avoid compound slopes. They also need to provide a grippy surface for wheelchair users. Design The ramp design should meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to maneuver the structure with ease. The ramp slope can't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings have to be level at any change in direction or shift on the ramp surface. It should be constructed of treated lumber, which is more durable than untreated and can weather precipitation better. The top and bottom of the ramp should be free of obstructions like bushes, trees or other structures that could interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. Additionally, the surface of the ramp must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface on the entire length of the ramp. Use treated lumber of at minimum 4 inches in width for the ramp frame. Make posts to support the ramp, ensuring they are at least eight feet apart, and that they extend beyond ground level. Spindles are the best way to connect the posts to the railings of the ramp. This type of connection is preferred because it decreases the chance of a ramp operator falling off the side of the ramp. Next, construct the frame of the ramp using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and Joists that are at least 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists stand a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they're secured with hangers for joists which are nails that hold the inside of the joists to prevent them from slipping off the ground. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer. Add an upper landing near the doorway to enable wheelchair users to control the doorswing without difficulty. This landing should be large enough to provide at least 12-24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side for out-swing doors. For in-swing doors, the landing must be at least 58 inches by 60 inches to accommodate the door's threshold and a person using wheelchair who has to walk backwards through the doorway. Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having their brakes at corners. A level landing is easier to remove a ramp of the path if needed, so that equipment such as lawnmowers can pass beneath it. Materials The materials used to construct the ramp for wheelchairs can be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installer will help you select the most suitable option for your home or office. It is important to consider your budget and needs when selecting the materials used for the ramp. The ramp should be easy to maintain, and it should be safe for use. Certain cities require the ramp to be covered with a non-slip surface. Be sure to check with your local government for permits prior to building or buying any materials. Also, be sure to adhere to all local building codes. The wrong materials or construction techniques can create dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most current information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office, library or online. Wood ramps are typically the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, however they require more maintenance than other options. Wood ramps must be regularly treated with sealers to avoid the onset of rot. Wood can split and be dangerous for people who use wheelchairs. Wood ramps might also require additional support to ensure the structure remains in place and stable. Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting, but they can be expensive. They are also heavy, which requires more work to construct and makes moving the ramp when it's no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs. Aluminum ramps are less heavy and more affordable than concrete or steel. They also have the same strength, durability and resistance to corrosion. They are also more affordable than steel and iron which makes them a great alternative for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is environmentally friendly because it is a part of the earth's crust naturally, and can be recycled. The upper landing of the ramp should be at least 3/8 inch of the door threshold in order to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to cross it without becoming stuck. Ramps with a gap larger than this will not meet ADA standards. Also, make sure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the landing area and the ground surface. The ramp's final section should be curved to stop wheelchairs from abruptly stopping at the point of leaving or entering a house. Installation A ramp for wheelchairs is a plane inclined ramp that can be erected as an alternative to or in the place of steps. It allows wheelchair users, as well as people who use strollers or carts to get into areas that are otherwise difficult to access. When selecting a wheelchair access ramp, there are a variety of aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height and price. Ideally, a ramp should be located near the door as possible to avoid unnecessary travel. It should be placed at a height that the person using it is able to be able to easily access it. It should also be anchored to the ground and clear of obstructions, such as trees or parked cars. https://www.mymobilityscooters.uk/categories/wheelchair-ramps require ramps to are equipped with handrails either side. These rails should be at least 36 inches apart, and have the gripping surface rounded or smooth. Additionally, they should be attached to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the ramp's edge. If a ramp is equipped with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be continuous between the ramp's runs. The length of a ramp depends on the slope, however there are several basic ramps that can be used in all situations. For example, a threshold ramp sits flush along the lip of a curb or at the threshold of a doorway while ramps that are portable can be moved from one location to another and come in a variety of sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can be assembled on-site. These ramps are commonly employed in public or commercial areas and are usually longer. Check with your city's construction department to determine whether a permit is required for an enduring ramp. You should also speak to an expert in mobility about the type of ramp that is best for your needs and the space. In certain cases installing an ongoing ramp could boost the value of your home. Maintenance It's crucial to ensure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if will be using it often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections, and correct any structural problems as they arise. This will ensure that the ramp is compliant with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users. Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to get rid of dirt and debris that may block access. Cleaning the ramp regularly will also stop moisture from trapping under the surface and creating rot. The wood preservatives or stains will only work when the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to application. Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more prone to wear and tear. The most important thing to do is make sure you have the proper tools to complete the task. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight, you will need an excellent set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. It is also important to regularly inspect the handrails for signs damage or corrosion. As time passes, and with repeated usage, it's possible for the bolts or fittings on the handrails to come loose. This could pose a safety concern for anyone using the ramp. Another crucial aspect is to ensure that the surface of the ramp is grippy, especially in winter, when conditions can be challenging. You'll need to remove any dirt, leaves and other debris that could hinder the surface and cause slippage. You'll also need to apply an ice melt that is non-corrosive to the ramp's surface to prevent injuries and slipping. If you're planning to use your ramp throughout the winter, consider investing in wheels for traction, or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. They're specifically designed to offer better tracking on uneven surfaces and snow, so they'll be more effective than standard wheelchair tires in keeping you on the ramp. You can also make use of heating pads or heating tape to melt the ice and snow on the ramp before it accumulates.