The prevalence and factors that influence postnatal depression (PND) vary according to context.
 
  To determine the prevalence and factors associated with PND in the postnatal clinic of a large community health centre.
 
  This study was conducted at Levai Mbatha Community healthcare centre, in Evaton, South of Gauteng.
 
  In a cross-sectional study, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was administered on 227 consecutive mothers during postnatal clinic visits. In addition, sociodemographic and clinical information were collected. Analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression. A score of greater than 13 on the EPDS screened positive for PND.
 
  Participants' mean age was 27 years, and most completed less than grade 12 education (52.4%), were single (55.5%), were employed or had a working partner (60%) and had no previous PND (97%). The proportion of participants screening positive was 38.8%. In the adjusted logistic regression, completing only primary school educatiogn during postnatal visits, especially in the face of low educational attainment, failed contraception and poor or no relationship with the father of the index child.
  Malnutrition is a significant risk factor for ill health among children under 5 years of age and the consequences are significant.
 
  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition among under-5-year-old hospitalised children.
 
  This study was set at Sebokeng, Kopanong and Heidelberg hospitals, Sedibeng district, South Africa.
 
  This was a cross-sectional study comprising 306 hospitalised under-5-year-old children. Information on socio-demography, feeding practices, immunisation and clinical problems was obtained from caregivers and medical records. Anthropometric measurements were also performed.
 
  Most participants were male (59.8%), had normal birth weights (80.0%), come from a household with a monthly income R2000 (about 150 US dollars) (50.3%), up-to-date immunisation (97.4%), breastfed for 6 months (57.4%) and were fed 3-4 meals/day (66.7%) and, at most, one snack/day (63.4%). Acute malnutrition accounted for 9.5% (n = 29) of admissions. Among these, 82.8ers in primary care need to entrench dietary education and anthropometric screening in all clinic visits for children 5 years old, particularly when they present with diarrhoea or are not being breastfed.
  Multiple drug resistance has become a major threat to the treatment of cholera.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/yd23.html  Recent studies in Kenya have described the epidemiology, especially the risk factors, of cholera; however, there is little information on the phenotypic and drug susceptibility patterns of Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) in outbreaks that in the recent past have occurred in western Kenya.
 
  To characterise and determine the antibiotics' susceptibility profiling of toxigenic V. cholerae isolates from Kisumu County.
 
  The project was conducted in Kisumu County, Kenya.
 
  A total of 119 V. cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, isolates collected during 2017 cholera outbreak in Kisumu County were used for this study. The samples were cultured on thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar and biochemical tests were carried out using standard procedures. Susceptibility tests were conducted by using various conventional antibiotics against standard procedures.
 
  Of the 119 isolates, 101 were confirmed to be V. cholerae belonging to serotypes Inaba and Ogawa, with Inaba being the predominant serotype (73.95%). The isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin (100%), ofloxacin (100%), gentamycin (100%), doxycycline (99%), ceftriaxone (99%) and streptomycin (96.04%) antimicrobials, and resistant to erythromycin (53.47%), amoxicillin (64.4%), nalidixic acid (83.2%) and ampicillin (89.11%), with high resistance to cotrimoxazole (99%) and tetracycline (97%).
 
  Vibrio cholerae was resistant to multiple antibiotics, including those commonly used in the management of cholera. Taken together, there is a need to carry out regular surveillance on antimicrobial drug resistance during outbreaks.
 Vibrio cholerae was resistant to multiple antibiotics, including those commonly used in the management of cholera. Taken together, there is a need to carry out regular surveillance on antimicrobial drug resistance during outbreaks.Reform and Performance of the Provincial Health Inspectorate and the Provincial Division of Health of South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
  The intermediate level incorporated both the Provincial Health Inspectorate (IPS) and the Provincial Health Division (DPS) of Health. The new constitution of 2006 gave impetus to decentralisation, which became effective in 2015. The reform introduced at the intermediate level clearly separated the IPS and the DPS. This article assesses the effect of this reform on the performance of IPS and DPS in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo.
 
  The study is evaluative before and after and covers the period from 2012 to 2017. It uses mixed methods three techniques were used to collect data including observation, document review and individual interviews. The analysis of the quantitative data concerned the evolution of the indicators; that of qualitative data was carried out by themes from two theoretical models the ministerial functional framework and the 'Strengthshe Congolese government could jeopardise the reform.
 The study shows the improvement in the performance of managerial functions of the DPS and the regression to the IPS. The low funding of IPS by the Congolese government could jeopardise the reform.In South Africa, the national policy on re-engineering primary health care (PHC) supports the implementation of ward-based outreach teams with community health workers. In the Western Cape, a community-orientated primary care (COPC) approach has been adopted in provincial goals for 2030 and the key strategies for the improvement of district health services. This approach is expected to improve health and also save costs. A task team was established in the Metropolitan Health Services to develop an implementation framework for COPC. The framework was developed in an iterative process with four learning sites in the metropole over a period of 18 months. The framework consists of 10 inter-related elements geographic delineation of PHC teams, composition of PHC teams, facility-based and community-based teamwork, partnership of government and non-government organisations, scope of practice, information system, community engagement, stakeholder engagement, training and development of PHC teams, system preparation and change management.