https://www.selleckchem.com/ The steady increase in the price of protein feed ingredients and the retraction of antibiotics from diets has encouraged nutritionists to search the alternatives for protein source and functional feedstuffs that can substitute the role of antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production. With crude protein of 24-30%, in vitro protein digestibility of 80% and proportion of essential amino acids of 47%, seed from ripe papaya may be exploited as the alternative protein feed ingredient for poultry. Moreover, the growth promoting effect, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities, and immunomodulatory and antioxidative activities may confirm the potential of papaya seed as a functional feedstuff that could replace the role of antibiotic growth promoters for poultry. The in-depth study is needed to further elucidate the functionalities of papaya seed onpoultry. This review provides the updates on the nutritional contents of papaya seed, the potential of papaya seed as an alternative to conventional protein-rich ingredient, the growth-promoting effect of feeding papaya seed, the antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities of papaya seed, antioxidative activities of papaya seed, and the immunomodulatory activity of papaya seed on poultry. The presence of gastric mucosa or submucosa inflammation due to leads to histological changes. Gastric injury, pro-inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress in infection produce asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), which are a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Investigations were carried out aimed at finding new drugs derived from natural products for the treatment of . is known to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of extract and a standard eradication regimen on ADMA levels and histological changes in the gastritis rat model. Thirty-five male rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups. Group-1 was the negative control grou