https://www.selleckchem.com/Androgen-Receptor.html Thrombophlebitis of a subcutaneous vein, known as Mondor's disease, is a rare cause of chest pain and can mimic several more life-threatening diseases. Mondor's disease can be caused by trauma, or hypercoagulable states; however, in many cases the etiology is unknown. Mondor's disease is usually self-limited and can be managed conservatively. In this case report, we highlight a 52-year-old male patient who presented to our emergency department with chest pain caused by Mondor's disease mimicking a pulmonary embolism. Although a rare and benign diagnosis, Mondor's disease should be part of the differential diagnosis of chest pain and can be made on the basis of a thorough history and physical examination alone. Recognition of Mondor's disease could reduce costs and risks of further testing for patients presenting with chest pain. Copyright © 2020, Todd et al.BACKGROUND Surgical root canal retreatment is required when peri-radicular pathosis associated with endodontically treated teeth cannot be treated by non-surgical root canal therapy (retreatment), or when retreatment was ineffective, not feasible or contraindicated. Endodontic failures maybe happen when irritants remain within the confines of the root canal, or when an extra-radicular infection cannot be eradicated by orthograde root canal treatment. Following enhanced microsurgical techniques in the last years, the success rates of surgical root canal retreatment have improved considerably. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to gather updated data in regard to the surgical root canal (retrograde) retreatment to heal the periapical lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar were searched in this review using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search was performed in June 2019 and updated in November 2019. Among 3900 studies, 10 studies satisfied the eligibility criteria and were included in the review