To identify key gaps in the research evidence base that could help improve how technology supports people with diabetes, and provide recommendations to researchers and research funders on how best to address them.
 
  A research workshop was conducted, bringing together research experts in diabetes, research experts in technology, people living with diabetes and healthcare professionals.
 
  The following key areas within this field were identified, and research recommendations for each were developed Matching the pace of research with that of technology development Time in range as a measure Health inequalities and high-risk groups How to train people to use technology most effectively Impact of technology usage on mental health CONCLUSIONS This position statement outlines recommendations through which research could improve how technology is employed to care for and support people living with diabetes, and calls on the research community and funders to address them in future research programmes and strategies.
 The following key areas within this field were identified, and research recommendations for each were developed Matching the pace of research with that of technology development Time in range as a measure Health inequalities and high-risk groups How to train people to use technology most effectively Impact of technology usage on mental health CONCLUSIONS This position statement outlines recommendations through which research could improve how technology is employed to care for and support people living with diabetes, and calls on the research community and funders to address them in future research programmes and strategies.Dispersal has a crucial role determining ecoevolutionary dynamics through both gene flow and population size regulation. However, to study dispersal and its consequences, one must distinguish immigrants from residents. Dispersers can be identified using telemetry, capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods, or genetic assignment methods.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/crt0066101-dihydrochloride.html  All of these methods have disadvantages, such as high costs and substantial field efforts needed for telemetry and CMR surveys, and adequate genetic distance required in genetic assignment. In this study, we used genome-wide 200K Single Nucleotide Polymorphism data and two different genetic assignment approaches (GSI_SIM, Bayesian framework; BONE, network-based estimation) to identify the dispersers in a house sparrow (Passer domesticus) metapopulation sampled over 16 years. Our results showed higher assignment accuracy with BONE. Hence, we proceeded to diagnose potential sources of errors in the assignment results from the BONE method due to variation in levels of interpopulation genetic differentiation, intrapopulation genetic variation and sample size. We show that assignment accuracy is high even at low levels of genetic differentiation and that it increases with the proportion of a population that has been sampled. Finally, we highlight that dispersal studies integrating both ecological and genetic data provide robust assessments of the dispersal patterns in natural populations.Electroosmotic pumps have been widely used in microfluidic systems. However, traditional high-voltage (HV)-sources are bulky in size and induce numerous accessional reactions, which largely reduce the system's portability and efficiency. Herein, a motion-controlled, highly efficient micro-flow pump based on triboelectricity driven electroosmosis is reported. Utilizing the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), a strong electric field can be formed between two electrodes in the microfluidic channel with an electric double layer, thus driving the controllable electroosmotic flow by biomechanical movements. The performance and operation mechanism of this triboelectric electroosmotic pump (TEOP) is systematically studied and analyzed using a basic free-standing mode TENG. The TEOP produces ≈600 nL min-1 micro-flow with a Joule heat down to 1.76 J cm-3 nL-1 compared with ≈50 nL min-1 and 8.12 J cm-3 nL-1 for an HV-source. The advantages of economy, efficiency, portability, and safety render the TEOP a more conducive option to achieve wider applications in motion-activated micro/nanofluidic transportation and manipulation.Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune non-scarring hair loss disease. Recently, several reports have suggested that innate immune systems such as interferon-α (IFN-α)-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes play a role in the pathogenesis of AA. However, critical studies about their involvement in the initiation of AA have not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the expression of innate immune cytokines in serum and skin, and examined the effect of a selective NLRP3 inhibitor, MCC950, on AA in C3H/HeJ mice, induced by transferring cultured skin-draining lymph node cells. IFN-α production was upregulated in lesions of AA-affected mice, and interleukin-1β in serum and skin was highly expressed before onset as well as postonset. Furthermore, MCC950 treatment prevented AA development and promoted hair growth in AA mouse models by reducing NLRP3 signalling and Th1/Tc1 chemokines and cytokines in the skin. These results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to AA onset and chronicity, and NLRP3 inhibitor may be a potential therapeutic agent for AA.
  A widespread problem observed in global water isotope (δ
  O, δ
  H) proficiency tests are compromised working reference materials due to storage-dispensing evaporation effects. Proper storage requires no evaporation or leakage, which causes isotopic drift and bias. IAEA surveys show most isotope laboratories use glass or plastic bottles for storing working reference materials, with frequent opening and closings that pose evaporation risks. Practical small (ca. 2-5 L) storage-dispensing solutions free of air exposure, evaporation, and leakage are needed. We also tested several smaller-scale bottles for day-to-day aliquots.
 
  We tested low-cost, conveniently sized (4L) adaptations of a common stainless-steel beverage keg with a liquid dispenser, with minor modifications to facilitate low-flow dispensing and pressurization (1-2 bar) with Ar or N
  . We tested three kegs (100%, 75%, 50 % initial fills) for a 2-year period along with monthly dispensing to assess long-term storage viability for maintaining δ
  O and δ
  H integrity and dispensing, and day-to-day aliquot bottles for 6 months.