It is shown that it generally outperforms a random frontier exploration and may even perform near-optimal in the case of an isotropic, square panel. These findings are then validated in laboratory experiments, confirming the general feasibility of utilizing Lamb waves for SLAM. Furthermore, the versatility of the developed methodology is successfully demonstrated on a more complexly shaped stiffened panel.Ultrasound technique is an inexpensive and ecofriendly technology commonly used in oil and gas industry to improve oil recovery and its applications have been successfully tested in both laboratory and field scales. In this technique, high-power ultrasonic waves are utilized downhole to improve oil recovery and reduce formation damage in near wellbore region that causes a reduction in hydrocarbon production rate due to the penetration of mud, scale deposition, etc. In most of the cases, barriers for the oil flow to the wellbore are effectively removed by using the ultrasound technique and the effect of improved oil recovery may last up to several months. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of recent laboratory, field and mathematical studies to serve as reference for future extensive examination of ultrasound assisted improved oil recovery. As an added value to this field of study, research gaps and opportunities based on the review of recent works were identified and factors that needs to be considered to improve the outcome of future studies were recommended.
  Primary radiotherapy (RT) and transoral surgery (TOS) are effective local therapy treatments for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), but their cost profiles differ. We compared the one-year costs of these competing treatments using a large claims-based database.
 
  Eligible individuals were patients in the SEER-Medicare registry diagnosed with OPSCC between 2000 and 2011. Patients were categorized as receiving either primary RT +/- chemotherapy, or TOS +/- adjuvant RT or chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and all treatment costs from 1month prior to diagnosis to 1year after diagnosis were calculated. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were used to determine predictors of payer expenditure. Patient-borne pharmacy costs were also analyzed.
 
  The cohort included 3497 patients (73% RT, 27% TOS), of whom 73% were locally advanced.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/deg-35.html  The mean total 13month costs for RT alone, CRT, TOS alone, TOS+RT and TOS+CRT were $39,083, $63,537, $25,468, $36,592, and $99,919, respectively, for early-stage patients. For locally advanced individuals, the mean costs were $45,049, $68,099, $40,626, $53,729, and $71,397, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the adjusted increase in total costs versus RT alone were $21,844, -$5431, $7984, and $28,581 for CRT, TOS alone, TOS+RT, and TOS+CRT, respectively. The difference between CRT and TOS+RT became non-significant for TOS patients undergoing transoral surgery plus neck dissection. Cisplatin was associated with significant less cost than cetuximab and taxane-based chemotherapy.
 
  In this population of elderly patients, transoral surgery was generally associated with less expensive treatment, with the addition of chemotherapy serving as the main driver of increased cost.
 In this population of elderly patients, transoral surgery was generally associated with less expensive treatment, with the addition of chemotherapy serving as the main driver of increased cost.
  We aimed to develop novel combinations of inhibitors targeting EGFR family members and c-Met for the treatment of recurrent SCCHN.
 
  Three different c-Met inhibitors in combination with a pan-HER inhibitor (crizotinib/afatinib, tivantinib/afatinib and cabozantinib/afatinib) were investigated for their anti-tumor effects on SCCHN cell lines in vitro. In vivo activity of the combinations was tested in SCCHN cell line xenografts and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) animal models generated from patients with recurrent SCCHN.
 
  Western blot assay indicated that activation of EGFR, HER2, HER3, and c-Met was blocked by all three combinations and the downstream PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways were inhibited. Sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay revealed SCCHN cell growth was more effectively inhibited by the combinations than by single agents, particularly in cell lines with high c-Met expression. Furthermore, the combinations were more potent in inducing apoptosis than each of the single agents. In the PDX models, the combination treatments exhibited significantly better efficacy in tumor growth inhibition compared to the respective single agents.
 
  In conclusion, we demonstrated that the simultaneous targeting of EGFR, HER2, and c-Met is more effective than the individual inhibition of these targets in vitro and in SCCHN cell line xenograft and PDX models. Our findings pave the way for further clinical investigation of such combinations in SCCHN.
 In conclusion, we demonstrated that the simultaneous targeting of EGFR, HER2, and c-Met is more effective than the individual inhibition of these targets in vitro and in SCCHN cell line xenograft and PDX models. Our findings pave the way for further clinical investigation of such combinations in SCCHN.Sonochemical (SC) processes can be increased with the application of fluid flow due to changes in bubble characteristics. In this work, a novel flow through set-up was applied to an ultrasonic horn system to investigate the effects of flow on the degradation of phenol. KI dosimetry and sonochemiluminescence (SCL) were also analysed, under the same conditions, to provide comparison of degradation to other SC processes. Further, sonoluminescence (SL) in water and different concentrations of potassium iodide (KI) and phenol solutions was studied to determine the effect of flow on processes inside the bubble that result in SL. The degradation of 0.1 mM phenol solutions, KI dosimetry and SL from phenol (0.1, 20 and 60 mM) and KI (0.1, 1 and 2 M) solutions were analysed under flow rates of 0, 24, 228 and 626 mL/min. For an ultrasonic horn system, all flow rates could augment phenol degradation beyond that of the systems without flow. At the lowest applied power, the amount of degradation was significantly increased with flow, becoming greater than degradation observed at the highest power.