Mild hyponatremia (serum sodium 130-135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte disorder in the elderly. However, its association with both sarcopenia and cognitive function remains to be clarified. Therefore, here we investigated the association of mild hyponatremia with skeletal muscle mass, physical function, and cognitive function in the elderly. We enrolled 75 participants with mild hyponatremia and 2907 with normonatremia (serum sodium, 136-145 mEq/L) aged ≥70 years who visited the Memory Disorder Outpatient Center of Japan's National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength (GS), walking speed (WS), one-leg standing (OLS) test times, and neuropsychological test scores were determined. One-way analysis of covariance showed that elderly participants with mild hyponatremia had lower SMI (7.1 ± 0.2, 7.2 ± 0.2 kg/m , p = 0.04), weaker GS (19.1 ± 1.9 vs 21.4 ± 1.8 kg, p = 0.01), slower WS (0.9 ± 0.1 vs 1.1 ± 0.1 m/s, p = 0.001), and higher GDS- 15 score (6.4 ± 0.9 vs 5.2 ± 0.9, p = 0.002) than those with normonatremia. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that mild hyponatremia was independently associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 2.2, p = 0.02), slower WS (OR 5.3, p = 0.04) and shorter OLS time (OR 2.5, p = 0.02) as well as with severe depressive mood (OR 2.6 p = 0.006) but not with SMI (OR 1.6, p = 0.2) or GS (OR 1.9, p = 0.09). Our results suggest that elderly people with even mild hyponatremia had physical function impairment and depressive mood. Our results suggest that elderly people with even mild hyponatremia had physical function impairment and depressive mood. Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is an important underlying cause of angina pectoris. Currently, no diagnostic tool is available to directly visualize the coronary microvasculature. Invasive microvascular reactivity testing is the diagnostic standard for CMD, but several non-invasive imaging techniques are being evaluated. However, evidence on reported non-invasive parameters and cut-off values is limited. Thus, we aimed to provide an overview of reported non-invasive parameters and corresponding cut-off values for CMD. Pubmed and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for studies enrolling patients with angina pectoris without obstructed coronary arteries, investigating at least one non-invasive imaging technique to quantify CMD. Methodological quality assessment of included studies was performed using QUADAS-2. Thirty-seven studies were included. Ten cardiac magnetic resonance studies reported MPRI and nine positron emission tomography (PET) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) studdology and reporting of outcome measures, outcomes could not be compared and no definite reference values could be provided. Mozambique has a high burden of group A rotavirus (RVA) infection and chronic undernutrition. This study aimed to determine the frequency and potential risk factors for RVA infection in undernourished children under 5 years old with diarrhoea in Mozambique. The analysis was conducted using data from March 2015 to December 2017, regarding children under 5 years old with at least one type of undernutrition. Anthropometric measures were used to calculate indices of weight-for-age, weight-for-height and height-for-age through the Z-Scores. RVA results were extracted from the National Diarrhoea Surveillance database. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test was used for qualitative variables and organized in contingency tablesand 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were considered for the calculation of RVA infection proportion and in the multiple logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AOR). Of the 842 undernourished children included in the analysis, 27.2% (95% CI 24.3-30.3%) were positivs observed in children with severe wasting and a triple burden of disease undernutrition, RVA and HIV, highlighting the need to conduct follow-up studies to understand the long-term impact of these conditions on children's development. The frequency of RVA infection in undernourished children declined following the introduction of the vaccine in Mozambique. Beyond the temporal variation, Maputo province, age and crowded households were also associated to RVA infection. A high proportion of RVA infection was observed in children with severe wasting and a triple burden of disease undernutrition, RVA and HIV, highlighting the need to conduct follow-up studies to understand the long-term impact of these conditions on children's development. Epidemiological data of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in Sub-Saharan Africa is still restricted, and in particular in Mozambique. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing clinical strains of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), a 1000-bed reference hospital in Maputo, Mozambique. A total of 230 clinical isolates of E. coli from urine (n = 199) and blood cultures (n = 31) were collected at MCH during August-November 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disc diffusion method and interpreted according to EUCAST guidelines. Isolates with reduced susceptibility to 3rd generation cephalosporins were examined further; phenotypically for an ESBL-/AmpC-phenotype by combined disc methods and genetically for ESBL- and pAmpC-encoding genes by PCR and partial amplicon sequencing as well as genetic relatedness by ERIC-PCR. A total of 75 isolates with reduced susceptibilityndings strongly support the urgent need for accurate and rapid diagnostic services to guide antibiotic treatment and improved infection control measures. We have observed a high prevalence of MDR pAmpC- and/or ESBL-producing clinical E. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/amenamevir.html coli isolates with FOX/MOX and CTX-Ms as the major β-lactamase types, respectively. ERIC-PCR analyses revealed genetic diversity and some clusters indicating within-hospital spread. The overall findings strongly support the urgent need for accurate and rapid diagnostic services to guide antibiotic treatment and improved infection control measures.