https://www.selleckchem.com/JAK.html This finding contributes to the understanding of the complex and multilayered regulation of ADAM17 at the cell surface. Studies of habenula (Hb) function and structure provided evidence of its involvement in psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Previous studies using magnetic resonance imaging (manual/semiautomated segmentation) have reported conflicting results. Aiming to improve Hb segmentation reliability and the study of large datasets, we describe a fully automated protocol that was validated against manual segmentations and applied to 3 datasets (childhood/adolescence and adult bipolar disorder and schizophrenia). It achieved reliable Hb segmentation, providing robust volume estimations across a large age range and varying image acquisition parameters. Applying it to clinically relevant datasets, we found smaller Hb volumes in the adult bipolar disorder dataset and larger volumes in the adult schizophrenia dataset compared with healthy control subjects. There are indications that Hb volume in both groups shows deviating developmental trajectories early in life. This technique sets a precedent for future studies, as it allows for fast and reliable Hb segmentation and will be publicly available. BACKGROUND Prophylactic inferior vena cava (IVC) filter use in bariatric surgery patients is a physician- and patient-dependent practice pattern with unclear safety and efficacy. Factors that mediate physicians' decisions for IVC filter placement preoperatively remain unclear. The role of race in decision-making also remains unclear. METHODS From the 2015-2016 MBASQIP database, patient characteristics leading to IVC filter use and outcomes after IVC filter placement were compared between Black and White primary bariatric surgery patients. RESULTS Prophylactic IVC filter was used in 0.66% of Black and White patients. IVC filter use was three-fold higher in Black patients, despite this cohort having a low