Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complaint in patients following general anesthesia. Various antiemetics, including 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists, are effective but still have limited efficacy. Therefore, combination therapy is preferable to using a single drug alone in high-risk patients. We performed a comparative study on the antiemetic effect of palonosetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, monotherapy vs palonosetron-midazolam combination therapy for the prevention of PONV. A total of 104 female patients scheduled for breast cancer surgery were enrolled. They were randomly divided into 2 groups, a palonosetron monotherapy group (group P) and palonosetron-midazolam combination therapy group (group PM). Both groups received 0.075 mg palonosetron intravenously after induction of anesthesia. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was applied according to the allocated group. Intravenous (IV)-PCA in group P consisted of fentanyl 20 μg/kg plus normal saline (total voleduction in the incidence of PONV than monotherapy in patients undergoing breast surgery and receiving IV-PCA containing fentanyl. The combination therapy of palonosetron with midazolam did not lead to a greater reduction in the incidence of PONV than monotherapy in patients undergoing breast surgery and receiving IV-PCA containing fentanyl. Bariatric surgery has been reported to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is a frequent comorbidity in morbidly obese patients. We performed a retrospective cohort study to estimate the therapeutic effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), the most common bariatric surgery in Japan, on obese patients with NASH by comparing the findings of paired liver biopsies.Eleven patients who underwent laparoscopic SG for the treatment of morbid obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2, from March 2015 to June 2019 at Hiroshima University Hospital, Japan, were enrolled. All patients were diagnosed with NASH by liver biopsy before or during SG and were re-examined with a second liver biopsy 1 year after SG. The clinical and histological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.One year after SG, body weight and BMI were significantly reduced, with median reductions in body weight and BMI of-22 kg and -7.9 kg/m2, respectively. Body fat was also significantly reduced at a median of 13.7%. Live7%. Liver-related enzymes were also significantly improved. On re-examination by paired liver biopsy, liver steatosis improved in 9 of the 11 patients (81.8%), ruling out of the pathological diagnosis of NASH. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/NVP-AUY922.html However, fibrosis stage did not significantly improve 1 year after SG. The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score was significantly reduced in 10 of 11 patients (90.9%).Pathological improvement or remission of NASH could be achieved in most morbidly obese Japanese patients 1 year after SG. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in childhood. Studies explored the association of maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy with a risk of offspring developing ADHD, but have reported inconclusive results. Here, we will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess a possible association between them. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and the PsycINFO will be searched from inception to May 2021. Observational studies investigating the association of maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy with a risk of offspring developing ADHD will be considered. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scales or the scale of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies according to their study design. A fixed or random-effect model will be used to synthesize data depend on the heterogeneity test. STATA version 12.0 will be used to conduct the meta-analysis. This study will provide a high-quality evaluation of association between maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy and risk for ADHD in offspring. This study will present evidence on whether maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy is a risk factor for ADHD in offspring. This study will present evidence on whether maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy is a risk factor for ADHD in offspring. The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly spread to other countries, causing numerous deaths and challenges for organizations and health professionals. Diet and nutrition invariably influence the competence of the immune system and determine the risk and severity of infections. Studies have already been published on the relationships through which vitamins C and D can mitigate the severity of infections such as COVID-19. In this context, this protocol describes a systematic review intended to analyze if vitamin C and D supplementation can reduce the severity of Covid-19. This protocol was developed based on the recommendations of PRISMA-P. In order to accomplish the systematic review, we will carry out searches in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect databases in the quest for control case studies that analyze the supplementation and evolution of patients with COVID-19. There will be no limitations related to language or publication time. The searches will be carried out by 2 independent researchers who will select the articles, and then the duplicate studies will be removed, while the suitable ones will be selected using the Rayyan QCRI application. In order to assess the risk of bias, we will use the instrument proposed by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Moreover, we will carry out metaanalyses and subgroup analyses according to the conditions of the included data. This review will assess the association between vitamin C and D supplementation and the reduction in the severity of COVID-19. The findings of this systematic review will summarize the latest evidence for the association between vitamin C and D supplementation and COVID-19 through a systematic review and meta-analysis. CRD42021255763. CRD42021255763.