https://www.selleckchem.com/products/c188-9.html Introduction Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is provided free of costs to at-risk populations in Kenya, including men who have *** with men (MSM), but anal intercourse is not an eligibility criterion. We set out to determine PrEP eligibility, uptake and predictors of PrEP uptake among MSM enrolled in an HIV-1 vaccine feasibility cohort in coastal Kenya. Methods We compared the number of MSM identified as eligible for PrEP from June-December 2017 by Kenyan Ministry of Health (MoH) criteria, which do not include reported anal intercourse, to those identified as eligible by a published MSM cohort-derived HIV-1 risk score (CDHRS). We determined PrEP uptake and assessed factors associated with uptake at first offer among eligible MSM followed up monthly for HIV-1 testing, risk assessment, and risk reduction counselling. Results Out of 167 MSM assessed for PrEP eligibility, 118 (70.7%) were identified by both MoH and CDHRS eligibility criteria. However, the CDHRS identified 33 (19.8%) more cohort MSM for PrEP eligibility than the MoH criteria, of whom the majority (24 or 72.7%) reported receptive anal intercourse (RAI). Of the 162 MSM eligible for PrEP, 113 (69.7%) accepted PrEP at first offer. Acceptance of PrEP was higher for men reporting RAI (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.9), having paid for *** (aPR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.6) and group *** (aPR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8), after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. Conclusions Assessing PrEP eligibility using a CDHRS identified 20% more at-risk MSM for PrEP initiation than when Kenyan MoH criteria were used. Approximately 70% of eligible men accepted PrEP at first offer, suggesting that PrEP is acceptable among at-risk MSM. MSM reporting RAI, group ***, or paying for *** were more likely to accept PrEP, reinforcing the importance of an informed discussion of HIV-1 risk during PrEP counselling. Copyright © 2019 Wahome E et al.The D