https://www.selleckchem.com/products/etomoxir-na-salt.html Multifunctional nanodrugs have emerged as an effective platform to integrate multiple imaging and therapeutic functions for tremendous biomedical applications. However, the development of a simple potent theranostic nanoplatform is still an intractable challenge. Herein, a novel theranostic nanoplatform was developed by coupling prepared Au nanobipyramids with Gd2O3, Au nanoclusters and denatured bovine serum albumin (AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA) for FL/MR dual-modal imaging guided photothermal therapy. AS1411 aptamers were conjugated to enhance its targetability towards breast cancer. The AS1411-AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA suspension could be readily heated above 40 °C at a low concentration (2 mg/L) and NIR density (1 W/cm2). The AS1411-AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA revealed a fluorescence quantum yield of 4.2% and higher longitudinal relaxivity rate of 6.75 mM-1 s-1 compared to Gd-DTPA of 4.45 mM-1 s-1. As a result, the AS1411-AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA functions as a multimodal nanoprobe of photothermal, fluorescence and MR imaging for specific tumor diagnosis and guidance of therapy, which was validated via in vitro and in vivo tests. Moreover, AS1411-AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA nanoparticles indicated excellent photothermal anticancer effect more than 95% in both in vitro and in vivo tests. Besides, the low toxicity of AS1411-AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA nanocomposites was further confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Thus, these results demonstrated the AS1411-AuNBP-Gd2O3/Au-dBSA nanocomposites as a rational design of multifunctional nanoplatform to enable multimodal imaging guided photothermal therapy.Polyethyleneimine (PEI) polymers are known to compact DNA strands into spheroid, toroid, or rod structures. A formulation with mannose-grafted PEI (PEIm), however, was reported to compact DNA into ~100 nm spheroids that indented like thin-walled pressurized shells. The goal of the study is to understand why mannose bristles divert the traditional pathway of