The intent of the present investigation was to explore the utility of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Punica granatum L. as hair growth promoter along with anti-lice and antidandruff activity. A filter paper diffusion approach was employed for screening of the pediculocidal and ovicidal activity. Albino mice, preselected for their telogen phase of hair growth were used during the study. The prepared extracts, Minoxidil and control were applied over shaved skin surface on to the backs of mice to assess telogen to anagen transition. The qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed. The outcome of the studies revealed that Punica granatum L. alcoholic and aqueous extracts exhibited prominent anti-lice activity.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/skf38393-hcl.html  The transition of telogen to anagen phase of the number of anagen hair follicle was observed in approximately 45, 27 and 51% of animals treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract of Punica granatum L., and Minoxidil, respectively, which suggest the hair growth promoting potential of the extract of Punica granatum L. Also, 3 % Punica granatum L. alcoholic extracts exhibited a potent antidandruff activity against fungal strains tested. Maltol, was identified as a principal phytoconstituent in the alcoholic extract. The findings greatly suggest anti-lice, antidandruff and hair growth promoting potential of the extract of Punica granatum L.Metronidazole has been widely used topically and systemically for more than 50 years but data on its antioxidant properties are still incomplete, unclear and contradictory. Its antioxidant properties are primarily hypothesized based on in vivo results, therefore, studies have been performed to determine whether metronidazole has antioxidant activity in vitro. We used so-called global spectrophotometric and luminometric methods. Fe3+/Fe2+-reducing ability, hydrogen donor activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging property and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were investigated. Under the condition used, metronidazole has negligible iron-reducing ability and hydrogen donor activity. The hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity cannot be demonstrated. It acts as a pro-oxidant in the H2O2/.OH-microperoxidase-luminol system, but it can inhibit the induced lipid peroxidation. According to our results, metronidazole has not shown antioxidant activity in vitro but can affect redox homeostasis by a ROS-independent mechanism due to its non-direct antioxidant properties.Exclosures are popularly applied to rehabilitate degraded lands and to gradually restore the productive potential of the land in the long term. This study was conducted to examine the impact of removing human and livestock interference from a degraded land to allow natural recuperation for extended period of years. The aim was to assess the trend of changes in the composition, diversity and structure of the woody component of the vegetation within the exclosures. Degraded lands with different years of exclosure were compared with adjacent open grazing lands under similar environmental conditions. A Systematic transect sampling method was employed to collect vegetation data in sampling quadrat plots, each with a size of 20 m × 20 m, evenly distributed along parallel transect lines. All the woody plant species in each plot were identified and measured for DBH and height. The species diversity and density were analyzed using standard indices. The structural pattern and regeneration status of the woody vegetation was described using size class distribution plots. The findings showed that the woody vegetation composition significantly varied between exclosures and open grazing land. There was significantly (P less then 0.05) higher diversity, richness and stand density of the woody species in the exclosures than in the open grazing lands. The size class distribution of the DBH and height of the recorded species exhibited an inverted "J" shape pattern suggesting a healthy regeneration status of the important species, while the distribution pattern in the open grazing lands revealed irregular and less interpretable pattern. This study evidently showed exclosures can successfully contribute to biodiversity restoration in highly degraded lands, perhaps due to improvements in the important micro-climate conditions such as moisture and organic matter.
  This study aimed to evaluate how repeated use of milling diamond burs with different coarseness affects surface roughness, and marginal and internal adaptation of CAD/CAM veneers.
 
  Forty leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic veneers were milled in 2 groups based on the milling mode (with fine or extra-fine bur sets). In each group, every 10 veneers were milled with a new bur set. All veneers were cemented to bovine teeth and then polished. Labial surface roughness was measured before cementation, and after polishing. Marginal and internal discrepancies were measured using a field emission scanning electron microscope. Three-way and two-way mixed repeated measures ANOVA were applied to assess changes in surface roughness values of veneers and discrepancy values, respectively. The Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons.
 
  Repeated use of a milling diamond bur set had a significant effect on surface roughness of the veneers (P < .001). Mean surface roughness of the fine milling mode was significantly higher in comparison to that of extra-fine mode before (P = .002) and after (P = .01) polishing. After polishing a significant decrease in surface roughness occurred in fine (P = .02), but not in extra-fine milling mode (P = .99). Repeated use of milling burs significantly affected marginal and internal adaptation between some repeated uses.
 
  Marginal and internal adaptation were significantly affected by repeated use of milling diamond burs up to 10 times between some repeated uses. However, no specific pattern could be established.
 
  Repeated use of milling burs could affect surface roughness, surface microcracks, critical defects, and adaptation of CAD/CAM restorations. Therefore, it plays a major role in clinical success of the restorations.
 Repeated use of milling burs could affect surface roughness, surface microcracks, critical defects, and adaptation of CAD/CAM restorations. Therefore, it plays a major role in clinical success of the restorations.