049) were more likely to score male trainees higher than female trainees.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sch-900776.html  The GRS demonstrated high inter-rater reliability across male and female trainees by years and scope of practice for the respondent (alpha >0.900) when compared to the Checklist assessment tool.
 
  Early career male surgeons may exhibit gender bias against women when evaluating trainee performance of coronary anastomoses. The GRS demonstrates higher inter-rater reliability and robustness against gender bias in the assessment of technical performance than the Checklist, and such scales should be emphasized in educational evaluations.
 Early career male surgeons may exhibit gender bias against women when evaluating trainee performance of coronary anastomoses. The GRS demonstrates higher inter-rater reliability and robustness against gender bias in the assessment of technical performance than the Checklist, and such scales should be emphasized in educational evaluations.
  To define technically difficult liver transplantation (Diff-LT).
 
  Currently, there is no acknowledged definition of Diff-LT.
 
  This retrospective study included all first consecutive liver-only transplantations performed in two centers from 2011 to 2015. Diff-LT was defined as the combination of the number of blood units transfused, cold ischemia time, and duration of operation, all at or above the median value of the entire population. The correlation of Diff-LT with short- (including the comprehensive complication index [CCI]) and long-term outcomes was assessed. Outcomes were also compared to the 90-day benchmark cutoffs of LT. Predictors of Diff-LT were identified by multivariable analysis, first using only recipient data and then using all recipient, donor, graft, and surgical data.
 
  The study population included 467 patients. The incidence of Diff-LT was 18.8%. Diff-LT was associated with short-term outcomes, including the CCI and mortality, but not with patient or graft long-term survival. Previous abdominal surgery, intensive care unit-bound at the time of LT, split graft use, non-standard arterial reconstruction, and porto-systemic shunt ligation were independent predictors of Diff-LT. The proportion of variables below the corresponding LT 90-day benchmark cutoffs was 8/13 (61.5%) for non-Diff-LT, and 4/13 (30.8%) for Diff-LT.
 
  Diff-LT, as defined, occurred frequently. Adjusting modifiable variables might decrease the risk of Diff-LT and improve the postoperative course. This definition of Diff-LT might be useful for patient information, comparison between centers and surgeons, and as a metric in future trials.
 Diff-LT, as defined, occurred frequently. Adjusting modifiable variables might decrease the risk of Diff-LT and improve the postoperative course. This definition of Diff-LT might be useful for patient information, comparison between centers and surgeons, and as a metric in future trials.
  Evaluate how emotional intelligence (EI) has been measured among surgeons and to investigate interventions implemented for improving EI.
 
  EI has relevant applications in surgery given its alignment with non-technical skills. In recent years, EI has been measured in a surgical context to evaluate its relationship with measures such as surgeon burnout and the surgeon-patient relationship.
 
  A systematic review was conducted by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PSYCINFO databases using PRISMA guidelines. MeSH terms and keywords included "emotional intelligence," "surgery," and "surgeon." Eligible studies included an EI assessment of surgeons, surgical residents, and/or medical students within a surgical context.
 
  The initial search yielded 4,627 articles. After duplicate removal, 4,435 articles were screened by title and abstract and 49 articles proceeded to a full-text read. Three additional articles were found via hand search. A total of 37 articles were included. Studies varied in surgical specialties may emphasize the relevance of EI in the context of surgical teamwork.
  To compare perioperative and long-term outcomes of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) and conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) in the treatment for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
 
  RAMIE has emerged as an alternative to traditional open or thoracoscopic approaches. Efficacy and safety of RAMIE and MIE in the surgical treatment for ESCC remains uncertain given the lack of high-level clinical evidence.
 
  The RAMIE trial was designed as a prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial that compare the efficacy and safety of RAMIE and MIE in the treatment of resectable ESCC. From August 2017 to December 2019, eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive either RAMIE or MIE performed by experienced thoracic surgeons from six high-volume centers in China. Intent-to-treat analysis was performed.
 
  Significantly shorter operation time was taken in RAMIE (203.8 vs. 244.9 mins, P<0.001). Compared to MIE, RAMIE showed improved efferapy. Long-term results are pending for further follow-up investigations.
 
  ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier NCT03094351.
 ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier NCT03094351.
  Adverse events in surgical patients can occur pre-operatively, intra-operatively and post-operatively. Universally accepted classification systems are not yet available for intra-operative adverse events (iAEs). ClassIntra, has recently been developed and validated as a tool for grading iAEs that occur between skin incision and skin closure irrespective of the origin, i.e. surgery, anesthesia or organizational. The aim of this study is to assess the inter-rater agreement of ClassIntra and assess its predictive value for post-operative complications in elective abdominal surgery.
 
  This study is a secondary use of data from the LAParotomy or LAParoscopy and ADhesiolysis (LAPAD) study, with detailed data on incidence and management of intra-operative and post-operative complications. Data were collected in a cohort of elective abdominal surgeries. Two teams graded all recorded events in the LAPAD study according to ClassIntra. Cohen's Kappa coefficient was calculated to determine inter-rater agreement. Uni- and multivariable linear regression was used to assess the predictive value of the ClassIntra grades for post-operative complications.