We estimate that there were very large increases in the percentage of patients diagnosed at stages I or II between 2008-09 and 2012-13 from 32% to 44% for colorectal cancer, 19% to 25% for non-small cell lung cancer, and 28% to 31% for ovarian cancer. Geographical inequalities reduced for colorectal and ovarian cancer. Interpretation Multiple imputation is an optimal approach to reduce bias from missing data, but residual bias may be present in these estimates. Increases in early-stage diagnosis coincided with increased diagnosis through the "two week wait" pathway and colorectal screening. Epidemiological analyses from 2013 are needed to evaluate continued progress.Introduction Epidemiologic information on rare cancers is scarce outside of the Western countries. The project "surveillance of rare cancers in Asia" (RARECAREnet Asia) provides, for the first time, the burden of rare cancers in some Asian countries based on the latest list. Objectives 1) to assess whether the European list of rare cancers fits the Asian setting and 2) to compare the incidences of rare cancers between Europe and Asian countries. Material and methods Population-based cancer registry data on patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2015 in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan and patients diagnosed from 2000 to 2007 in 94 European registries were analysed. The incidences for all cancers were calculated; they were then grouped into several tiers and families according to the rare cancer list, and whether cancers rare was examined. Results Rare cancer counts according to the list in the observed population were 196 in Japan, 203 in Korea, 198 in Taiwan, and 198 in the EU. The proportions of rare in overall incidence were 16.3% in Japan, 23.7% in Korea, 24.2% in Taiwan, and 22.2% in the EU. The numbers of newly diagnosed rare cancer cases in 2015 were 140,188 in Japan, 52,071 in Korea, and 24,147 in Taiwan. Conclusion Most rare cancers in Europe were also rare in the Asian countries considered. The observed differences were due to well-known risk factors. The European definition and list of rare cancers appear to reflect well cancer incidence in East Asia.Background and objectives Hoarding disorder (HD) is a debilitating mental illness characterized by extreme difficulty parting with possessions and clutter that can result in dangerous living conditions. One hypothesis about why individuals with HD save possessions is that they possess a pathological attachment to their belongings, which may serve to compensate for unfulfilling interpersonal relationships. However, there is a dearth of empirical work examining this. The current study examined the impact of an experimental manipulation of social exclusion on attachment to possessions and saving behaviors in a sample of individuals with elevated hoarding symptoms. Methods Participants (n = 117) were selected for scoring above the non-clinical mean on a measure of hoarding symptoms. Participants were randomized to either be included or excluded in a game of Cyberball. They completed a behavioral discarding task and object attachment measure before and after completion of the game. Results Study condition was unrelated to in vivo attachment to possessions and saving behaviors during the discarding task. However, a post hoc mediation model showed that greater feelings of rejection, regardless of condition, were associated with greater in vivo attachment to possessions and subsequent number of items saved during the lab task. Limitations Limitations include the use of a non-clinical and homogeneous sample. Conclusions Taken together, individuals prone to feelings of rejection may be at risk for developing HD as they may use possessions to cope with interpersonal stress. Results will be discussed in light of implications for theoretical models and potential treatment targets in HD.In the analysis of risk factors of diabetes mellitus with coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia is the most important. Previous studies have found that Arctium lappa L. polysaccharide (ALP) can regulate lipid metabolism in type 1 diabetic rats, but it has not been studied in type 2 diabetes. In this study, the regulatory effect of ALP on lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats was investigated by constructing a model of type 2 diabetes. The results of blood biochemical analysis showed that ALP effectively reduced the synthesis of triglycerides and cholesterol, and reduced the risk of atherosclerosis in diabetic rats. Histopathological observation (hematoxylin and eosin, Masson, Periodic Acid-Schiff and oil red O staining) showed that it also effectively regulated lipid metabolism in the liver of diabetic rats and inhibited the process of liver fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that ALP regulated the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) in the liver of diabetic rats.  https://www.selleckchem.com/  In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that ALP can effectively regulate lipid metabolism and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic rats through the SREBP-1/SCD-1 axis.Antibiotics are emerging organic pollutants posing high health risks to humans by causing human intestinal microbial disorders with increasing abundances of opportunistic pathogens, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been confirmed to restore the dysbiosis of gut flora in many kinds of intestinal disease. However, to date, few studies have focused on the bloomed opportunistic pathogens associated human disease-related pathways as well as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) after vancomycin exposure, and there is limited information on using FMT for restoration of intestinal microbiome affected by antibiotics. Therefore, this study investigated effects of vancomycin on the opportunistic pathogens, human disease-related pathways as well as ARGs in human gut, and the restoration of intestinal microbiome by FMT. Results indicated that vancomycin treatment substantially increased human disease-related pathways and decreased abundances of ARGs. Besides, the bloomed opportunistic pathogens including Achromobacter, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas, caused by vancomycin exposure, were positively correlated with human disease-related pathways.