ar of study progressed. Professional exposure to terminally ill patients was the strongest factor, followed by private encounters, self-perceived palliative care nursing skills, year of study and age. To analyse voluntary payment reports of pharmaceutical companies to German healthcare professionals (HCPs) in 2015 and 2016 based on an industry-self-regulating transparency codex. Cohort study of all German HCPs who voluntarily agreed that at least one payment they received in 2015 and 2016 from pharmaceutical companies is disclosed. Number of HCPs who disclosed at least one payment in the database; separated by year of disclosure and whether they disclosed once or repeatedly. Amount of disclosed payments and distribution parameters of disclosed annual payment sums per person; separated by year of disclosure und whether they disclosed once or repeatedly. 28 230 HCPs agreed to the disclosure of at least one payment in the database. In 2015, 19 905 HCPs agreed to the disclosure, decreasing to 15 782 HCPs in 2016. Whereas 7457 disclosed payments in both years, 12 448 disclosed only in 2015 and 8325 only in 2016. Payments of €32 426 721 in 2015 and €23 289 343 in 2016 were disclosed, that is, 27% and 23% of the total amounts spent on HCPs, respectively. Distribution of annual payments was skewed the top 1% of HCPs disclosed annual payment sums between €17 049 and €200 194, while the median disclosed annual payment sum per person was €536 (IQR €1092). Disclosed payments were higher in male physicians and in physicians with higher academic degree. If voluntary, disclosure rates of payments are low and therefore only provide a fragmented picture of interactions between HCPs and pharmaceutical companies. Efforts must be intensified to ensure obligatory disclosure of all payments worldwide. If voluntary, disclosure rates of payments are low and therefore only provide a fragmented picture of interactions between HCPs and pharmaceutical companies. Efforts must be intensified to ensure obligatory disclosure of all payments worldwide. The East London Health and Care Partnership (ELHCP) Data Repository was established to support commissioning decisions in London. This dataset comprises routine clinical data for the general practitioner (GP)-registered populations of two London boroughs, Tower Hamlets and City and Hackney, and provides a rich source of demographic, clinical and health service use data of relevance to clinicians, commissioners, researchers and policy makers. This paper describes the dataset in its current form, its representativeness and data completeness. There were 351 749 and 344 511 members of the GP-registered population in the two boroughs, respectively, for the financial year 2017/2018. Demographic information and prevalence data were available for 9 mental health and 15 physical health conditions. Prevalence rates from the cohort were compared with local and national data. In order to illustrate the health service use data available in the dataset, emergency department use across mental health conditions was descrof each financial year. The data are being further cleaned and evaluated using imputation, Bayesian and economic methods, principally focusing on specific cohorts, including type II diabetes, depression and personality disorder. Data continue to be collected for the foreseeable future to support commissioning decisions, which will also enable more long-term prospective analysis as data become available at the end of each financial year. The study was aimed (1) to describe the quality of antenatal care (ANC) at public health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia, including dimensions of the structure, process and outcome; and (2) to assess the relationship between ANC satisfaction and structure and process dimension of ANC quality. Cross sectional. Healthcare facilities providing ANC services in Northwest Ethiopia. 795 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics at 15 public health facilities and 41 health workers working for the surveyed facilities. The outcome variable, women's satisfaction with ANC, was constructed from multiple satisfaction items using principal component analysis on an ordered, categorical and three-point Likert scale. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Gefitinib.html The key hypothesised factors considered were structural and process aspects of care. Data were analysed using the partial proportional odds model with 95% CI. The result revealed that only 30.3% of the pregnant women were highly satisfied, whereas 31.7% had a lower satisfaction level. The finding services covered during client-provider interaction were the main factors affecting client satisfaction. This suggests that efforts are required to improve the competencies of health professionals to make them more effective while dealing with clients. Visual impairment is an important risk factor for fracture in the elderly population. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment in elderly people. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between AMD and incident fractures in patients with osteoporosis (OS). Retrospective analysis of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). A multicenter study conducted in Taiwan. The current study used the NHIRD in Taiwan between 1996 and 2011. A total of 13 584 and 54 336 patients with OS were enrolled in the AMD group and the non-AMD group, respectively. Patients with OS were included from the Taiwan's NHIRD after exclusion, and each patient with AMD was matched for age, sex and comorbidities to four patients with non-AMD OS, who served as the control group. A Cox proportional hazard model was used for the multivariable analysis. Transitions for OS to spine fracture, OS to hip fracture, OS to humero-radio-ulnar fracture and OS to death. The risks of spine and hip fractures were significantly higher in the AMD group (HR=1.09, 95% CI=1.04 to 1.15, p<0.001; HR=1.18; 95% CI=1.08 to 1.30, p=0.001, respectively) than in the non-AMD group. The incidence of humero-radio-ulnar fracture between AMD and non-AMD individuals was similar (HR=0.98; 95% CI=0.90 to 1.06; p=0.599). However, the risk of death was higher in patients with OS with older age, male sex and all types of comorbidity (p<0.05), except for hyperthyroidism (p=0.200). Patients with OS with AMD had a greater risk of spine and hip fractures than did patients without AMD. Patients with OS with AMD had a greater risk of spine and hip fractures than did patients without AMD.