mpression, ideal kyphosis correction with gradual lengthening of anterior column together with sequential posterior column compression. Anterior column support, avoidance of the morbidity of anterior approach and improvement of neurological deficit are the other advantages of the single stage PVCR technique in patients with thoracic/thoracolumbar burst fractures.
  This study examined the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and hope in older adults from a longitudinal perspective.
 
  271 older adults completed self-reported questionnaires assessing hope and SOC at 3 time points at intake, at a 6-month follow-up, and at a 12-month follow-up. A cross-lagged panel model was used to examine the relationship between SOC and hope.
 
  The results showed that SOC was significantly associated with the level of hope in the older adults at all three time points. The cross-lagged analysis showed that the lagged effect of SOC on hope was significant, whereas the lagged effect of the level of hope on SOC was nonsignificant.
 
  These results indicated that SOC predicted the level of hope 6 months later and may be helpful for guiding older adults to increase their hope for the future through strategies aimed at improving their SOC.
 These results indicated that SOC predicted the level of hope 6 months later and may be helpful for guiding older adults to increase their hope for the future through strategies aimed at improving their SOC.Purpose To investigate the macular function and morphology after temporal inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique with and without staining of the ILM flap in contact with the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 30 patients with idiopathic macular hole (MH), who underwent 27 G vitrectomy and temporal inverted ILM flap technique with brillant blue G (BBG) assisted ILM staining. In Group 1 (n = 16), a large bubble of perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) measuring approximately 6-disc diameters was used to cover the hole and central part of the ILM flap whereas in Group 2 (n = 14), only a small drop of PFCL to merely cover the MH was used. Complete ophthalmic examination including microperimetry (MP), optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed preoperatively, 6 months after surgery.Results MH closure was achieved in all the eyes in both groups. The sizes of ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) defect significantly decreased after surgery relative to the baseline width in both groups (p less then .05 for all). The mean improvement in visual acuity (p = .896) and retinal sensitivity was similiar between groups (p = .409). Accordingly, the postoperative mean lengths of the EZ (p = .254) and ELM disruption (p = .406) on OCT scans were similiar between groups. However, 3 of the eyes in Group 2 developed cystoid macular edema between postoperative month-1 and month-6.Conclusion The crescent-shaped selective staining of the ILM flap could prevent prolonged retinal toxicity of vital dyes in inverted ILM flap technique. Further studies involving larger number of patients with longer follow up are needed to determine the impact of this technique in the management of vital dye toxicity.
  Hallux varus is the medial deviation of the hallux. Although rare, it can cause discomfort, functional weakness, difficulty with shoe wear, and dissatisfactory cosmesis. This study reports 3 cases of hallux varus treated using extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon transfer with or without the use of reverse scarf osteotomy (RSO).
 
  This cases series studies the technique of using EHL tendon transfer and the role for RSO in the surgical correction of hallux varus. Indication for RSO included osseous overcorrection in the index hallux valgus surgery or as an adjunct when EHL tendon transfer alone was unable to restore alignment. Patients were followed-up for 24 months and their postoperative outcomes were recorded.
 
  All patients were female between the ages 55 to 67 years. Radiological parameters after surgery improved in all patients. The mean hallux-valgus angle was corrected from -23.7 ± 3.5° to -3.2 ± 2.0° postoperatively (
  < .05). Intermetatarsal angle was increased from 5.0 ± 1.9° to 6.7 ± 1.0° (
  = .065). Distal metatarsal articular angle improved from -28.9 ± 7.6° to -7.8 ± 3.7° (
  < .05). Mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores improved from 37 ± 24 to 75 ± 9 (
  = .064) at 24 months. In addition, visual analogue scale pain scores reduced from 5 ± 1.5 to 1 ± 1 (
  < .05). All patients reported being satisfied with the procedure, and no complications were reported at 24 months after surgery.
 
  Hallux varus correction using EHL tendon transfer with or without RSO appears to provide satisfactory results at 24 months.
 
  Level V Expert opinion, Techniques.
 Level V Expert opinion, Techniques.To search for antifungal leads, the metabolites of an insect-derived fungus Fusarium lateritium ZMT01 were investigated, providing five sesquiterpenes (1-5), including new molecules microsphaeropsisins D and E (1 and 2). The evaluated antifungal activities in vitro which are higher than the positive control triadimefon include 1 and 2 towards Fusarium oxysporum (MICs 50, 25 mg L-1; triadimefon 100 mg L-1); 1, 2, 4 and 5 towards Penicillium italicum (MICs 25, 12.5, 25, 25; triadimefon 50 mg L-1), 1, 2 and 4 towards Colletotrichum musae (MICs 25, 12.5, 25; triadimefon 80 mg L-1), 2 and 4 towards Fusarium graminearum (MICs 100, 100; triadimefon 150 mg L-1). The bioassay in vivo displayed that the banana anthracnose control effect of 2 (100 mg L-1) was also higher than that of triadimefon (Inhibition ratios 27.5 ± 2.5%, 55.3 ± 1.4%, 52.1 ± 1.3% for 2, 22.5 ± 2.1%, 47.2 ± 2.0%, 36.6 ± 2.2% for triadimefon at 4 d, 8 d and 12 d, respectively).[Formula see text].People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders frequently experience depression, yet depressive symptoms are often unaddressed. The authors propose that interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) may be effective for individuals with these disorders who experience depression.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tiragolumab-anti-tigit.html  IPSRT is a manualized, evidence-based treatment for bipolar disorders. It combines the core elements of interpersonal psychotherapy for unipolar depression with social rhythm therapy to target disrupted social rhythms. The authors highlight evidence for the potential utility of IPSRT to treat patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and present a case example. IPSRT is one promising therapy that could fill a treatment gap for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders by addressing depressive symptoms. Future work should build on this rationale and case example to design and implement a randomized controlled trial of IPSRT for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and evaluate needed modifications.