Our data show that women with HIV had higher levels of markers of gut barrier dysfunction, monocyte activation and systemic inflammation. These markers, some of which are associated with preterm birth, might help explain the increase in adverse birth outcomes in women with HIV and could suggest targets for potential interventions.
 Our data show that women with HIV had higher levels of markers of gut barrier dysfunction, monocyte activation and systemic inflammation. These markers, some of which are associated with preterm birth, might help explain the increase in adverse birth outcomes in women with HIV and could suggest targets for potential interventions.
  Persons living with HIV (PWH) with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) experience excess morbidity and mortality compared with uninfected patients, particularly those with persistent viremia and without CD4 cell recovery. We compared outcomes for medical intensive care unit (MICU) survivors with unsuppressed (>500 copies/ml) and suppressed (≤500 copies/ml) HIV-1 RNA and HIV-uninfected survivors, adjusting for CD4 cell count.
 
  We studied 4,537 PWH (unsuppressed=38%; suppressed=62%; 72% VA) and 10,531 (64% VA) uninfected Veterans who survived MICU admission after entering the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) between fiscal years 2001-2015.
 
  Primary outcomes were all-cause 30-day and 6-month readmission and mortality, adjusted for demographics, CD4 cell category (≥350 (reference);200-349;50-199;<50), comorbidity and prior utilization using proportional hazards models. We also adjusted for severity of illness using discharge VACS Index (VI) 2.0 among VA-based survivors.
 
  In adjusted models, CD4 caardless of HIV status. Strategies including intensive case management for HIV-specific and general organ dysfunction may improve outcomes for MICU survivors.
  Hepatitis delta virus (HD) is the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. We examined the clinical burden, epidemiological features and time trends for HD patients hospitalized in Spain during the last two decades.
 
  Retrospective, observational study using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved since 1997 to 2018.
 
  From a total of 79,647,783 nationwide hospital admissions recorded during the study period, 5179 included HD as diagnosis. The overall hospitalization rate due to HD was 6.5/105, without significant yearly changes. In-hospital death occurred in 335 (6.6%). Acute hepatitis and cirrhosis were recorded in 46.5% and 33.5% of HD hospitalizations, respectively. Acute HD predominated until 2007 (55.9%) whereas cirrhosis increased since then (39.4%). Hepatic decompensation events and liver cancer accounted on average for 16% and 8% of hospitalizations, increasing significantly over time. Coinfection with HIV and hepatitis C were recognized in 24% and 31.2% of HD patients, respectively. All hepatitis C, HIV and injection drug use declined significantly since 2008.
 
  The rate of HD in patients hospitalized in Spain is low and has remained stable over two decades. However, HD-related decompensation events and liver cancer are on the rise. The association of HD with injection drug use, HIV and HCV has declined among recently hospitalized HD patients.
 The rate of HD in patients hospitalized in Spain is low and has remained stable over two decades. However, HD-related decompensation events and liver cancer are on the rise. The association of HD with injection drug use, HIV and HCV has declined among recently hospitalized HD patients.
  ATLAS (NCT02951052), a Phase 3, multicenter, open-label study, demonstrated that switching to injectable cabotegravir (CAB) + rilpivirine (RPV) long-acting (LA) dosed every 4 weeks was noninferior at Week (W) 48 to continuing three-drug daily oral antiretroviral therapy (CAR). Results from the W96 analysis are presented.
 
  Participants completing W52 of ATLAS were given the option to withdraw, transition to ATLAS-2 M (NCT03299049), or enter an Extension Phase (EP) to continue LA therapy (LA arm) or switch from CAR to LA therapy (Switch arm). Endpoints assessed at W96 included proportion of participants with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL, incidence of confirmed virologic failure (CVF; two consecutive HIV-1 RNA ≥200 copies/mL), safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and patient-reported outcomes.
 
  Most participants completing the Maintenance Phase transitioned to ATLAS-2 M (88%, n = 502/572). Overall, 52 participants were included in the W96 analysis of ATLAS; of these, 100% (n = 23/23) and 97% (n = 28/29) in the LA and Switch arms had plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL at W96, respectively. One participant had plasma HIV-1 RNA ≥50 copies/mL in the Switch arm (173 copies/mL). No participants met the CVF criterion during the EP. No new safety signals were identified. All Switch arm participants surveyed preferred LA therapy to their previous daily oral regimen (100%, n = 27/27).
 
  In this subgroup of ATLAS, 98% (n = 51/52) of participants at the EP W96 analysis maintained virologic suppression with LA therapy. Safety, efficacy, and participant preference results support the therapeutic potential of CAB+RPV LA treatment for virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1.
 In this subgroup of ATLAS, 98% (n = 51/52) of participants at the EP W96 analysis maintained virologic suppression with LA therapy. Safety, efficacy, and participant preference results support the therapeutic potential of CAB+RPV LA treatment for virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1.
  This systematic review will assess the biological sex disparity in survival outcomes following treatment for renal cell carcinoma and analyze the estimates of biological sex disparity outcomes following supposed or proposed curative treatment.
 
  Renal cell carcinoma is a type of kidney cancer. There is a lack of conformity in the literature on the biological sex disparity in survival outcomes after treatment. This review will help inform decision-making of clinicians, health care administrators, policy makers, public health workers, and pharmaceutical/biotechnology researchers in predicting positive outcomes following treatment.
 
  The review will consider prospective and retrospective studies on any form of treatment for renal cell carcinoma. The Cox proportional hazard assumption will be used to conduct survival analysis. Hazard rates of participants' survivability across biological sex will also be reported.
 
  A three-step search strategy will be used.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sch-900776.html  First, a limited search of MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO was conducted and text words in the title, abstract, and index terms were analyzed.