001); additionally, 12.5% of patients already had criteria of AKI at admission (36.8% of AKI cases). Both definitions were associated with longer hospital stay. However, only AKI already present at admission, as based on pre-hospital creatinine, was independently associated with all-cause death, in-hospital and after discharge, and death or HF readmission in the follow-up 1 stage (HR 2.72, 95%CI 1.83-4.06, p  less then  0.001) and 2-3 stage (HR 7.29, 95%CI, 3.02-17.64, p  less then  0.001). CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of AKI in patients admitted with HF should consider pre-hospital RF, since it improves early identification of AKI and has implications for risk assessment. V.INTRODUCTION To the best of our knowledge, few studies have addressed the prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in Saudi Arabia. The present study retrospectively analyzed the prognostic factors in patients with de novo AML at a single institution owing to the observation of some differences with the reported data from the Western world. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with de novo AML who had been referred to King Abdulla Medical City were included. All patients had undergone bone marrow aspiration, biopsy, flow cytometry, cytogenetics (conventional and fluorescence in situ hybridization panel performed at Mayo Clinic), molecular tests, and other routine tests. RESULTS The data from 170 patients were reviewed. Of the 170 patients, 26 had had acute promyelocytic leukemia, 16 with AML had received less intensive therapy, 119 had received intensive induction, and 8 had refused treatment. The present analysis was limited to the 119 patients who had received intensive induction therapy. For the mage, relevance of core binding factor leukemia, and a greater incidence of monosomies. OBJECTIVES Both type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and dementia have multifactorial etiologies. Both are associated with aging and have well-recognized lifestyle, cardiovascular and psychosocial risk factors. However, uncertainty exists in the literature with regard to 1) the potentially modifiable risk factors common to both dementia and T2DM, and 2) the risk of brain-related complications in those with established diabetes. In this study, we address this uncertainty and inform design of a survey questionnaire to assess knowledge about diabetes and brain health among at-risk groups. METHODS This investigation consisted of a mixed-methods approach, including a Delphi consensus study preceded by a systematic literature review. The review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. A 2-round online Delphi study, informed by the review, invited international experts to rate their agreement with proposed risk factors and complications. RESULTS Of 7,337 abstracts retrieved, 13 were included in the final review. Among 46 international experts invited to take part in the Delphi study, 14 (32%) responded. In the Delphi study, hypertension, obesity, physical inactivity and heavy alcohol consumption reached consensus as risk factors common to both T2DM and dementia. Proposed brain-related diabetes complications, depression and dementia were also identified. CONCLUSIONS Results revealed expert consensus and literature review agreement on a number of common modifiable risk factors for T2DM and dementia, as well as agreement on brain-related complications of diabetes. A number of other proposed shared risk factors did not reach consensus agreement, suggesting a need for more high-quality studies to add to the evidence base. The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and the cardiovascular complications associated with this disease, are rapidly increasing worldwide. Individuals with diabetes have a higher mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases and a reduced life expectancy compared to those without diabetes. This poses a significant economic burden on health-care systems worldwide, making the diabetes epidemic a global health crisis. Sex differences in the presentation and outcome of diabetes do exist. Premenopausal women are protected from developing diabetes and its cardiovascular complications relative to males and postmenopausal women.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jnj-42756493-erdafitinib.html  However, women with diabetes tend to have a higher mortality as a result of cardiovascular complications than age-matched men. Despite this evidence, preclinical and clinical research looking at sex as a biologic variable in metabolic disorders and their cardiovascular complications is very limited. The aim of this review is to highlight the current knowledge of the potential protective role of estrogens in humans as well as rodent models of diabetes mellitus, and the possible pathways by which this protection is conferred. We stress the importance of increasing knowledge of sex-specific differences to facilitate the development of more targeted prevention strategies. OBJECTIVES The factors associated with allied health-care professional (HCP) time spent face-to-face with patients in clinic have not been well described in type 1 diabetes (T1D) given the introduction of resource-intensive technologies and gaps in socioeconomic circumstances. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical and social factors associated with nonphysician HCP time in a pediatric T1D practice. METHODS Nonphysician HCP workload data, including time spent in direct clinical care over a 1-year period and nonclinic contacts, were linked to data from 723 pediatric subjects with T1D and evaluated in relation to key demographic, social and diabetes treatment factors. RESULTS HCPs spent 145.7 min per patient on a median of 3 clinic visits, with certified diabetes educators (CDEs) being responsible for most clinic interactions compared with psychosocial staff. CDE time varied considerably according to T1D duration, with new-onset patients (≤1 year) taking a median of 392.0 min compared with 114.5 min for their established counterparts (p less then 0.0001). Among the established group (n=629), CDE time was strongly associated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy initiation, psychosocial service use, glycated hemoglobin (A1C) and degree of marginalization (p less then 0.0001). Overall, CDE time increased by 8.6 min for each 1.0% increase in A1C (p=0.022) and by 16.3 min for each 1-U increase in marginalization (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS We observed HCP time was associated with multiple clinical factors in addition to overall marginalization. Although initial investments in education and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion training were considerable, our results suggest that these lead to a decrease in time spent in clinic over time, and is largely driven by lower A1C.