The nonrecognition of asthma-associated comorbidities is often responsible for the therapeutic failure and the worsening of symptoms, and it is associated with frequent exacerbations, higher disease severity, and increased health costs. Bronchiectasis, one of the most frequent asthma-associated comorbidities, can increase airways inflammation and exacerbation rates and cause respiratory functional impairment. The aim of this article is to review the interactions between bronchiectasis and asthma, in order to better identify patients in the overlap between the 2 diseases and to select an "ad hoc" therapy. A literature search on PubMed/MEDLINE was performed using the following search terms bronchiectasis in asthma, the association between asthma and bronchiectasis, comorbidities in asthma, and severe asthma. This review analyzed the following items incorrect or underestimated diagnosis of asthma and bronchiectasis, prevalence of bronchiectasis in asthma, the impact of bronchiectasis in asthma, radiological imaging features of the 2 diseases, etiopathogenesis, and common causes (such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, immune deficits, chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and treatment of asthma and bronchiectasis). The concomitant presence of bronchiectasis and asthma should be suspected and investigated in patients with severe asthma, frequent exacerbations, and not responding to standard therapy. This clinical phenotype, characterized by a more severe disease, worse outcomes, and functional decline, must be readily recognized in order to choose the most appropriate therapeutic approach, able to potentially improve the management of bronchial asthma, to prevent the onset of exacerbations as well the functional decline, and to reduce health costs.The real issue with the COVID-19 pandemic is that a rapidly increasing number of patients with life-threatening complications are admitted in hospitals and are not well-administered. Although a limited number of patients use the intensive care unit (ICU), they consume medical resources, safety equipment, and enormous equipment with little possibility of rapid recovery and ICU discharge. This work reviews effective methods of using filtration devices in treatment to reduce the level of various inflammatory mediators and discharge patients from the ICU faster. Extracorporeal technologies have been reviewed as a medical approach to absorb cytokines. Although these devices do not kill or remove the virus, they are a promising solution for treating patients and their faster removal from the ICU, thus relieving the bottleneck.MoS2 films as an excellent solid lubricating film can significantly decrease the friction and adhesion of nanoelectromechanical system. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a surface controlled method provides a flexible way to apply MoS2 to complex surfaces. In the work, the MoS2 film deposited by ALD on the substrates with plasma-assisted process is used to study controlled friction. Firstly, layer-controlled MoS2 films were fabricated by ALD from 1 to 5 layers.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sf2312.html  The friction is decreasing as the number of layers increased. Furthermore, the average friction force of MoS2 deposited on Al2O3 substrates treated by plasma for 10 s with 1 ALD cycle has the lowest value. The functional groups on the substrate surface can be obtained by plasma treatment, which can control the growth of the first layer of MoS2 in ALD so that the friction characteristics of monolayer MoS2 can be controlled. Finally, the effect of plasma treatment on ALD growth at the intermediate stage of MoS2 is relatively weak. Only the monolayer MoS2 treated by plasma can affect the growth of MoS2 by ALD. Therefore, the controlling effect of plasma treatment on the friction characteristics of MoS2 deposited by ALD mainly occurs at the initial stage of growth.Three different correction factors for measurements with the parallel-plate ionization chamber PTW T34013 on the Esteya electronic brachytherapy unit have been investigated. This chamber type is recommended by AAPM TG-253 for depth-dose measurements in the 69.5 kV x-ray beam generated by the Esteya unit. Monte Carlo simulations using the PENELOPE-2018 system were performed to determine the absorbed dose deposited in water and in the chamber sensitive volume at different depths with a Type A uncertainty smaller than 0.1%. Chamber-to-chamber differences have been explored performing measurements using three different chambers. The range of conical applicators available, from 10 to 30 mm in diameter, has been explored. Using a depth-independent global chamber perturbation correction factor without a shift of the effective point of measurement yielded differences between the absorbed dose to water and the corrected absorbed dose in the sensitive volume of the chamber of up to 1% and 0.6% for the 10 mm and 30 mm applicators, respectively. Calculations using a depth-dependent perturbation factor, including or excluding a shift of the effective point of measurement, resulted in depth-dose differences of about $\pm0.5\%$ or less for both applicators. The smallest depth-dose differences were obtained when a shift of the effective point of measurement was implemented, being displaced 0.4~mm towards the center of the sensitive volume of the chamber. The correction factors were obtained with combined uncertainties of 0.4 % (k = 2). Uncertainties due to chamber-to-chamber differences are found to be lower than 2%. The results emphasize the relevance of carrying out detailed Monte Carlo studies for each electronic brachytherapy device and ionization chamber used for its dosimetry.In spectral computed tomography (CT), the object is respectively scanned under different X-ray spectrum. Multiple projection data can be collectively used for reconstructing basis images and virtual monochromatic images, which have been used in material decomposition, beam-hardening correction, bone removal, and so on. In practice, projection data may be obtained in limited scanning angular range. Images reconstructed from limited-angle data by conventional spectral CT reconstruction methods will be deteriorated by limited-angle related artifacts and basis image decomposition errors. Motivated by observations of limited-angle spectral CT, we propose a sequential regularization based limited-angle spectral CT reconstruction model and its numerical solver. Both simulated and real data experiments validate that our method is capable of suppressing artifacts, preserving edges and reducing decomposition errors.