BACKGROUND Surgical options for pathology affecting the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) include tenotomy and tenodesis, both of which can be performed with a variety of fixation methods. This study aimed to compare surgical treatment options for LHBT lesions using a network meta-analysis of published clinical studies. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Clinical studies comparing surgical treatment options for LHBT lesions were included. Postoperative outcomes were compared between surgical treatment options using a frequentist approach to network meta-analysis.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ziritaxestat.html  RESULTS There were 22 studies comparing surgical treatment options for LHBT pathology including arthroscopic tenotomy, arthroscopic suprapectoral tenodesis, arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis, and open subpectoral tenodesis, consisting of 1804 patients. Compared with arthroscopic tenotomy, open subpectoral tenodesis resulted in a significantly greater American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (mean difference, 4.58; P = .014). On the basis of the P-score, all 3 tenodesis techniques ranked above tenotomy with respect to the Constant score. Compared with arthroscopic tenotomy, the incidence of Popeye deformity was reduced with arthroscopic suprapectoral tenodesis (odds ratio [OR], 0.23; P less then .001) and open subpectoral tenodesis (OR, 0.25; P = .022). The incidence of bicipital groove pain was increased after arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis (OR, 2.89; P = .021) compared with arthroscopic tenotomy. CONCLUSION Lesions of the LHBT treated with open or arthroscopic tenodesis resulted in comparatively superior functional outcomes and a lower incidence of Popeye deformity, whereas arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis resulted in a higher incidence of bicipital groove pain. OBJECTIVES Telephone use correlates with quality of life, and is one of the most important expectations of cochlear implant candidates. The aim of the present study was to assess the benefit of a progressive intensive 18-session training program, conducted by telephone in cochlear implant recipients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nine cochlear-implanted adults underwent telerehabilitation focused on telephone use, with before-and-after assessment of auditory performance, on Lafon monosyllabic words and MBAA sentences in quiet, cocktail-party noise and by phone; telephone use, on ad-hoc surveys and number of calls per week; and quality of life on ERSA and APHAB questionnaires. RESULTS Before training, monosyllabic word comprehension was poorer by telephone than by direct voice (64±5.7% vs. 26±5.3%; P less then 0.05). After the 6-week training, there was improvement in the "note taking" telephone message task (85.0±3.7 vs. 50.0±9.0 out of 100; P less then 0.001), daily phone use (57.0±4.3 vs. 29±5.4 out of 100; P less then 0.0001), and number of calls in the week before assessment (0.0±0.0 vs. 11.0±3.0; P less then 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A progressive intensive training program by telephone improved phone use in the daily life of cochlear-implanted adults. Crown All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Although abnormal sympathetic nerve system (SNS) activity has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of ejaculation disorders, few data are available on its underlying mechanism. AIM To investigate whether differences in ejaculatory behavior of rats were associated with the state of SNS activity and gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) receptor expressions in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus and the effects of GABA receptors in the PVN on ejaculatory behavior. METHODS Based on ejaculatory performance, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into "sluggish," "normal," and "rapid" ejaculators. PVN microinjection was performed to evaluate the role of GABA receptors on sexual behavior. OUTCOMES The outcomes include differences in expression and distribution of GABA receptors and norepinephrine level among the 3 groups and changes in copulation behavior parameters after PVN microinjection. RESULTS Compared with "normal" rats, the "rapid" group ejaculated more times with shorter latency (P  less then  nhance the comprehension of neurobiological mechanisms involved in premature ejaculation. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS Our results have indicated that GABA receptors in the PVN may inhibit ejaculation through restraining the activity of SNS. However, our study did not analyze the changes of GABA receptors in other brain areas, which needs further study. CONCLUSION Ejaculation behaviors in male rats are associated with SNS activity and could be regulated by GABA receptors in the PVN, which may be of assistance in the treatment of ejaculation disorders in the future. Zhang QJ, Yang BB, Yang J, et al. Inhibitory Role of Gamma-Aminobutyric Receptors in Paraventricular Nucleus on Ejaculatory Responses in Rats. J Sex Med 2020;XXXXX-XXX. Fibrinogen levels drop early in postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and low fibrinogen levels predict outcomes. There is increasing interest in replacing fibrinogen early in severe PPH and this systematic review's aim was to assess if early fibrinogen replacement therapy improves outcomes in severe PPH. We searched the following databases from inception to June 2019 CDSR and CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Transfusion Evidence Library, LILACS, Web of Science Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Portal. We included randomized (RCT) and well-designed controlled observational studies where fibrinogen replacement therapy was given early (within 90 minutes of bleeding) compared with standard protocol in pregnant women > 24 weeks' gestation who developed PPH, defined as estimated blood loss ≥500 mL up to 24 hours post-delivery. Two independent reviewers extracted and reviewed the data on the primary outcome of riven approaches versus targeted therapy, and cost-effectiveness of cryoprecipitate versus fibrinogen concentrate therapy in PPH. Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, experienced a large measles outbreak from March to May 2018. During this outbreak, there were 99 laboratory-confirmed cases and 14 vaccine-associated measles cases. In addition to the reinforcement of routine immunization, Okinawa prefectural government introduced emergent measles-containing vaccination recommendations for infants aged 6-11 months as part of the outbreak response. Increased concern exists in Okinawa about measles in infants following a previous outbreak from 1998 to 2001, when nine children including four infants died. Of 8062 infants aged 6-11 months who received measles-containing vaccine (MCV), six developed vaccine-associated measles; incidence was 0.74 per 1000 doses (95%CI 0.27-1.62). This was similar to that of first dose routine immunization recipients at one year of age (IR 0.60, 95%CI 0.20-1.78). Among 14 vaccine-associated measles cases, throat swab samples showed the highest positive rate (92.9%) by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), followed by urine (25.