Mobile personal safety apps provide individuals with a range of tools they can use to protect themselves when faced with potentially hazardous situations.  https://youtu.be/8jFdNWJBcd4?si=0Q4KKqm08dBZNhAg  Users employ these apps to access emergency services, share location details with trusted contacts and gain access to safety-related resources.
 
 Mobile safety apps offer a more discreet solution than physical alarms that could attract attention and increase risk of assault, by operating invisibly and being easily activated at any time. Their silent nature makes them particularly appealing to lone workers or people who regularly walk alone such as joggers. Furthermore, these apps can also help those feeling threatened or uncomfortable around strangers without needing them to raise their hands or reveal themselves any other way.
 
 Personal safety apps like bSafe and Hollie Guard offer multiple ways to call for help, including an SOS button which records audio/video of the surrounding environment and allows your contacts to view it live. Other key features include fake phone call function for warning someone of danger without further exacerbating it; fake call function that alerts an individual without increasing anxiety levels in dangerous situation; geolocation feature which allows a friend or family member to locate you even if your phone is missing; geolocation feature to assist friends/family finding your location even when your phone is missing; geolocation feature that enables friends/family find you even when your phone is missing from.
 
 As well as offering emergency and personal safety services, many of these apps also enable users to stay in touch with friends and family by sharing real-time location updates, messages, photos and posts on social media. Others such as aSOS and Rave Guardian provide employees with two-way messaging capabilities allowing for two-way communications between their employers/colleagues and them.
 
   https://youtu.be/zFrmezhHKCM?si=fPHhpo0PdM3ucjBw  While smartphone apps designed for personal safety have experienced rapid growth in recent years, there remains little scientific proof supporting claims made by developers that these are effective. There is now concern that vulnerable individuals relying on such apps could be exposed to potential danger due to design flaws or functionality defects in these apps that put their lives in jeopardy.
 
 Apps and functions available to a user vary based on their mobile phone manufacturer. Pixel and Samsung models offer safety features that can be activated with a simple swipe up on the screen or by pressing an independent button - these features are easily accessed even while locked, without using up battery power or data resources.
 
 Personal safety apps like Walk Safe use police data to inform users when entering areas with high crime, helping them choose safer routes. This app can be particularly beneficial to lone workers who must remain aware of risks during their daily commute or visits to patients at home. Unfortunately, quality varies considerably among these apps and it should be rigorously tested to determine its functionality, reliability and effectiveness - this testing process is especially crucial as national policymakers (e.g. UK) evaluate them for improving vulnerable people's safety.