In about one percent, reduced-fluence PDT for CSC may be complicated by CNV, which can be well controlled with anti-VEGF injection. Flat irregular PED increases the risk of secondary CNV following PDT. In about one percent, reduced-fluence PDT for CSC may be complicated by CNV, which can be well controlled with anti-VEGF injection. Flat irregular PED increases the risk of secondary CNV following PDT. To analyse the outcomes of revision surgery for idiopathic full thickness macular holes (FTMH) that have failed to close after primary surgery. To assess factors predicting success and to review the relative effect of adjunctive surgical techniques. A multicentre retrospective study. Anatomical closure rates and visual acuity change between pre and post-revision surgery were assessed.Hole size, age, symptom duration, surgical interval and reduced hole size were analysed as predictive factors for success. Effectiveness of adjunctive surgical techniques were reviewed. 77 eyes were included in the study. Anatomical closure was achieved in 71% (55/77) cases. There was a median gain of 11 ETDRS letters in all holes and 14 letters in closed holes. FTMH that increased in size by more than 10% following primary surgery had a closure rate of 50% compared to 80% in holes that reduced by 10% or stayed the same (p=0.015). Increasing hole size is associated with a modest reduction in odds of closure (OR=0.99, P=0.04). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lenalidomide-s1029.html Surgical interval < 2 months is not associated with better outcomes compared > 2 months (p=0.14). Revision surgery for FTMH that have failed to close after primary is associated with high closure rates and significant visual gains. Revision surgery for FTMH that have failed to close after primary is associated with high closure rates and significant visual gains. Macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be characterized by quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The aim of the study was to assess the evolution of quantitative OCTA parameters after one-year of anti-VEGF injections. Naïve AMD-related MNV eyes were prospectively recruited to analyze OCT and OCTA parameters, including MNV vessel tortuosity (VT) and reflectivity, at baseline and at the end of the follow-up. MNV eyes were categorized by a MNV VT cutoff and quantitative parameter variations were documented after one-year of treatment. We divided MNV eyes into Group 1 (MNV VT<8.40) and Group 2 (MNV VT>8.40). 30 naïve AMD-related MNV eyes (30 patients) were included. Our cohort included 18 type 1 MNV and 12 type 2 MNV lesions. Baseline central macular thickness (411±85µm) improved to 323±54µm at 1-year (p<0.01). Only Group 1 MNV displayed significant visual improvement. MNV VT values remained stable over the follow-up in both subgroups. Group 2 MNV eyes showed increased MNV reflectivity and increased MNV area at the end of the follow-up. Quantitative retinal capillary plexa parameters were found to be worse in Group 2 MNV. Outer retinal atrophy occurred in 2/18 eyes in MNV Group 1 (11%) and in 6/12 eyes in MNV Group 2 (50%) after 1 year. Vessel density proved to be always worse in Group 2 than in Group 1. MNV VT provides information on the blood flow and identifies two subgroups with different final anatomical and visual outcomes, regardless of the treatment effect. MNV VT provides information on the blood flow and identifies two subgroups with different final anatomical and visual outcomes, regardless of the treatment effect. To determine the degree of misalignment between the center of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the center of foveal photoreceptors in eyes with an idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). We reviewed the medical records of 61 eyes with an idiopathic ERM. A 3×3 mm area centered on the fovea was scanned with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) before and at 6 months after surgery. The center of FAZ and the center of foveal photoreceptors were detected by en face OCTA images and sequential OCT B-sections in the macular region. The presence or absence of ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFLs) was also evaluated. The mean distance from the center of foveal photoreceptors to the center of FAZ was 111.7 ± 106.8 μm in eyes with preoperative ERM. This distance was significantly correlated with the preoperative central foveal thickness (r = 0.33, P = 0.0104). Preoperatively, the EIFLs were present in 27 (44.3%) of 61 eyes. The foveal misalignment was greater in eyes with EIFLs than in those without EIFLs (158.6 ± 140.0 μm vs 74.4 ± 45.4 μm, P < 0.0003). At 6 months after ERM surgery, the foveal misalignment was significantly reduced to 73.7 ± 48.0 μm (P = 0.0018). Determining the degree of misalignment between center of FAZ and center of foveal photoreceptors might be a useful way to evaluate the degree of ERM traction. Determining the degree of misalignment between center of FAZ and center of foveal photoreceptors might be a useful way to evaluate the degree of ERM traction. To demonstrate choroidal vascular changes and report a novel choroidal thickness contour in eyes with Peripheral Exudative Haemorrhagic Chorioretinopathy (PEHCR). Retrospective, observational, comparative case series. Fourteen eyes of 9 patients with PEHCR and 14 eyes of 14 age and sex-matched controls underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Choroidal thickness (CT) was measured from posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-Bruch's membrane to choroidoscleral interface (CSI) at 11 points 1000 µm apart. Large choroidal vessel thickness (LCVT) was also measured. In PEHCR group, the choroid was thinnest at 3 mm nasal to fovea (mean 95.3±33.5 µm) and thickest at 7 mm temporal to fovea (mean 272.7±80.2 µm), with gradual increase in CT from nasal to temporal periphery. The choroid was thickest subfoveally (259.7±63.8 µm) in control group. The choroid was significantly thicker in temporal periphery in PEHCR eyes as compared to controls (p=0.0002). Mean LCVT was 202.4±50.8 µmto a club-shaped choroidal contour compared to the bowl-shaped contour seen in control eyes. Thicker choroid and pachyvessels, favour inclusion of PEHCR in the pachychoroid disease spectrum.