https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cadd522.html SEC and AUC showed that the C172D and C172W mutants are also weaker decamers than wild-type and small-angle X-ray scattering analysis indicated greater flexibility with partially unstructured regions consistent with C-terminal unfolding. We propose that these structural changes around C172 negatively impact the active site geometry to decrease reactivity with H2O2. This is relevant for Prdx turnover as intermediate mixed disulfides with C172 would also be disruptive, and could potentially react with peroxides before resolution is complete.Human embryonic stem cells are a type of pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that are used to investigate their differentiation into diverse mature cell types for molecular studies. The mechanisms underlying insulin receptor (IR)-mediated signaling in the maintenance of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) identity and cell fate specification are not fully understood. Here, we used two independent shRNAs to stably knock down IRs in two hPSC lines that represent pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and explored the consequences on expression of key proteins in pathways linked to proliferation and differentiation. We consistently observed lowered pAKT in contrast to increased pERK1/2 and a concordant elevation in pluripotency gene expression. ERK2 chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase assays and ERK1/2 inhibitors established direct causality between ERK1/2 and OCT4 expression. Importantly, RNA-sequencing analyses indicated a dysregulation of genes involved in cell differentiation and organismal development. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses further confirmed a global down-regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Subsequent differentiation towards the neural lineage reflected alterations in SOX1+PAX6+ neuroectoderm and FOXG1+ cortical neuron marker expression, and protein localization. Collectively, our data underscore the role of IR-mediated signaling in maintaining pluripot