https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sm-102.html Coffee is a widely consumed beverage. Surgeons often drink coffee before performing surgery. Caffeine intake leads to tremor which might have a negative effect on surgeons' fine motor skills. A double-blinded parallel-group trial was conducted in order to investigate if caffeinated coffee intake has a negative effect on laparoscopic skills and increases tremor, regardless of previous coffee consumption. 118 participants were selected during a congress of the German Society of Surgery. Exclusion criteria were immaturity and no given consent. Participants and investigators were blinded. Participants were randomized with a 11 allocation into interventional group receiving caffeinated coffee or placebo group receiving decaffeinated coffee. The motor skills were tested with two validated laparoscopic exercises at a laparoscopy simulator (LapSim®) before and 30min after coffee intake. Data on influencing factors were recorded in a standardized questionnaire and tested for equal distribution in both groups. In bwe verified that additional caffeinated coffee intake, e.g., during a coffee break, does not lead to deterioration of laparoscopic fine motor skills. Gender disparities in surgical leadership have come under increased scrutiny, and in order to better understand why these disparities exist, it is important to study the disparities across surgical fellowship programs. Data derived from the Fellowship Council (FC) database for fellows completing training from academic years 2015-2019 were analyzed. Available information included institution, fellowship type, program director (PD), associate program director (APD), faculty, and fellow names for all FC Fellowships. Faculty and fellow gender were determined from personal knowledge or publicly available online biographical information. A total of 1023 fellows and 221 programs were analyzed. The advanced gastrointestinal (GI)/minimally invasive surgery (MIS) fellowship progra