ial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.OBJECTIVE Long-term glycemic variability has recently been recognized as another risk factor for future adverse health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) according to the prepregnancy long-term fasting plasma glucose (FPG) variability. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 164 053 women who delivered their first baby between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2015, were selected from the Korean National Health Insurance data. All women underwent at least three national health screening examinations, and the last examination should be conducted within 2 years before their first delivery. GDM was defined as the presence of more than four times of claim of GDM (International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision (ICD-10) O24.4 and O24.9) or prescription of insulin under the ICD-code of GDM. FPG variability was assessed by variability independent of the mean (FPG-VIM), coefficient of variation, SD, and average successive variability. RESULTS Among the 164 053 women, GDM developed in 6627 (4.04%). Those in the higher quartiles of FPG-VIM showed a stepwise increased risk of GDM. In fully adjusted model, the ORs for GDM was 1.22 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.31) in women with the highest FPG-VIM quartile compared with those in the lowest quartile. The risk for GDM requiring insulin therapy was 48% increase in women in the highest quartile of FPG-VIM compared with those in the lowest quartile, while that for GDM not requiring insulin therapy was 19% increase. The association between high FPG variability and the risk of GDM was intensified in the obese and aged more than 35 years women. CONCLUSIONS Increased FPG variability in the prepregnancy state is associated with the risk of GDM independent of confounding factors. Therefore, prepregnancy FPG variability might be a surrogate marker of the risk of GDM. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.OBJECTIVE Impaired diabetic wound healing is one of the serious complications associated with diabetes. In patients with diabetes, this impairment is characterized by several physiological abnormalities such as metabolic changes, reduced collagen production, and diminished angiogenesis. We designed and developed a multimodal optical imaging system that can longitudinally monitor formation of new blood vessels, metabolic changes, and collagen deposition in a non-invasive, label-free manner. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The closure of a skin wound in (db/db) mice, which presents delayed wound healing pathologically similar to conditions in human type 2 diabetes mellitus, was non-invasively followed using the custom-built multimodal microscope. In this microscope, optical coherence tomography angiography was used for studying neovascularization, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) assessment, fluorescence intensity changes of NAD(P)H and flavin aden 2020.  https://www.selleckchem.com/  Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.INTRODUCTION This longitudinal study aims to characterize distinct body mass index (BMI) trajectories during early to mid-life adulthood and to explore the association between BMI change from young adulthood to midlife and incident diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study included 7289 adults who had repeatedly measured BMI 3-9 times during 1989-2011 and information on incident diabetes. Latent class growth mixed model (LCGMM) was used to identify different BMI trajectories. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the association between the trajectory group membership and incident hyperglycemia, adjusting for covariates. The hyperglycemia group included individuals with prediabetes or diabetes. The model-estimated BMI levels and slopes were calculated at each age point in 1-year intervals according to the model parameters and their first derivatives, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of model-estimated levels and slopes of BMI at each age preased to 1.20 (1.04 to 1.38) until 50 years. The fourth quartile of incremental AUC (OR=1.31, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.66) was significant compared with the first quartile, after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the BMI trajectories during early adulthood were significantly associated with later-life diabetes. Young adulthood is a crucial period for the development of diabetes, which has implications for early prevention. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a set of risk scores for the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) before the 15th gestational week using an established population-based prospective cohort. METHODS From October 2010 to August 2012, 19 331 eligible pregnant women were registered in the three-tiered antenatal care network in Tianjin, China, to receive their antenatal care and a two-step GDM screening. The whole dataset was randomly divided into a training dataset (for development of the risk score) and a test dataset (for validation of performance of the risk score). Logistic regression was performed to obtain coefficients of selected predictors for GDM in the training dataset. Calibration was estimated using Hosmer-Lemeshow test, while discrimination was checked using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the test dataset. RESULTS In the training dataset (total=12 887, GDM=979 or 7.6%), two risk scores were developed, one only including predictors collected at the first Y-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Infarct volume in acute ischemic stroke is an important prognostic marker and determines endovascular treatment decisions. This study evaluates the magnitude and potential clinical impact of the error related to partial volume effects in infarct volume measurement on diffusion-weighted MR imaging in acute stroke and explores how increasing spatial resolution could reduce this error. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diffusion-weighted imaging of 393 patients with acute stroke, of whom 56 had anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion, was coregistered to standard space. Lesion boundaries were manually segmented. A 3D lesion-volume model was resampled for voxel sizes from 4 × 4 × 8 to 1 × 1 × 2 mm, and the surface-volume, corresponding to the partial volume error, was calculated. The number of cases with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion, in which the endovascular therapy core threshold of 70 mL was contained within the margin of error, was calculated as a function of imaging resolution. RESULTS The mean infarct core volume was 27.