https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pifithrin-alpha.html Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is considered a benign entity and is usually reversible with only medical management, but persistent neurologic deficits and disability or death can occur without adequate treatment. Favorable outcomes have been associated with surgical decompression in malignant-type PRES in which hemorrhagic transformation or brain stem compression has developed.Case description Here we report a case of malignant PRES in a 61-year-old female of Asian descent in which the disease rapidly progressed to coma and a near-fatal condition with uncal herniation caused by severe brain edema; however, this patient achieved a dramatic recovery without surgical decompression.Conclusion After reviewing previous reports regarding malignant PRES, we propose that hemorrhagic transformation is a crucial indicator for surgical decompression and an important prognostic factor in malignant PRES. We report a case of an intraosseous cavernous hemangioma originating from the middle turbinate that expanded into the anterior skull base, without traversing the cribriform plate. The mass was found incidentally after a computed tomography head was ordered for unrelated reasons. On questioning, the patient denied any nasal symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an enhancing mass and the radiological imaging supported a broad differential. The lesion was removed by endoscopic image-guided surgery, and the pathology was that of a benign intraosseous cavernous hemangioma. There was no residual hemangioma on postoperative imaging and the nasal mucosa healed well. This is the first report of an intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the middle turbinate showing superior expansion to the anterior skull base. This case demonstrates the extent to which cavernous hemangiomas may expand into surrounding tissues. While these lesions are uncommon, they can be considered as part of a broad differenti