https://www.selleckchem.com/products/monastrol.html Collectively, our findings have implications for the design of efficacious targeted immunotherapeutic biologics, and ensembles thereof. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The life diversity relies on a handful chemical elements (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus) as part of essential building blocks, whereas other atoms are needed to a lesser extent and most of the remaining elements are excluded from biology. This circumstance limits the scope of biochemical reactions in extant metabolism - yet it offers a phenomenal playground for synthetic biology. Xenobiology aims at bringing novel bricks to life that could be exploited towards (xeno)metabolite synthesis. In particular, the assembly of novel pathways engineered to handle non-biological elements (neo-metabolism) will broaden the chemical space beyond the reach of natural evolution. In this review, xeno-elements that could be blended into Nature's biosynthetic portfolio are discussed together with their physicochemical properties and tools and strategies to incorporate them into biochemistry. We argue that current bioproduction methods can be revolutionized by intersecting xenobiology with neo-metabolism for the synthesis of new-to-Nature molecules, e.g. organohalides. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Clinical hand eczema trials measure a variety of outcome domains to determine the success of interventions. This considerably limits the comparability and overall confidence in the study results, and thereby the strength of recommendations for clinical practice. OBJECTIVES HECOS aims to develop a core outcome set (COS) for the standardised evaluation of interventions in future hand eczema trials and reviews. This COS will define the minimum that should be measured and reported in controlled and randomised-controlled trials of therapeutic hand eczema interventions. The objective of this protocol is t