https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cc-92480.html RESULTS The main active ingredients of H. japonicum were quercetin, kaempferol, and tetramethoxyluteolin, and their key targets included prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Quercetin intervention promoted recovery from cholestatic hepatitis. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this research provide support for future research on the roles of quercetin, kaempferol, and tetramethoxyluteolin in human liver disease and the roles of the PTGS2, BCL2, CYP7A1, and FXR genes in cholestatic hepatitis. Patients with diabetes mellitus with comorbid depression are at an increased risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications. Studies have suggested a positive association between depression and diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the evidence has not been systematically summarized. Therefore, the aim of the study was to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the correlation of depression with DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies through January 7, 2017. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were used to calculate overall odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine whether the association was affected by adjustment for confounders or by age of study population. A total of 11 cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies were included in the analyses, with 34,185 individuals involved. Overall, patients with depression were at a significantly elevated risk of development of DR (fixed-effects OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.39-1.63; random-effects OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.35-1.84). The association did not vary by adjustment for confounders. However, a slightly larger pooled estimate was observed among studies with a mean age of <60 years (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.46-2.07) than those with a mean age of ≥60 years (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.16-1.75).