6% vs 18.5%, respectively; P = 0.012), as was the major complication rate (11.9% vs 4.4%; P = 0.011) including need for additional surgery for complications (6.8% vs 1.5%; P = 0.029). Complications resulted in a delay to any adjuvant therapy in 20 patients (4.8%); however, the difference between the groups was not significant (6.1% for Wise pattern vs 2.2% for vertical scar; P = 0.098). In a multivariable logistic model, use of a Wise-pattern technique (odds ratio, 0.37 [95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.99]; P = 0.049) was a significant predictor of major complications. CONCLUSIONS The Wise-pattern mastopexy/breast reduction OBCS technique was associated with a significantly higher complication and major complication rate than vertical scar techniques. The findings should be considered during choice of surgical technique in oncoplastic breast conservation.BACKGROUND Immediate breast reconstruction with implant (IBRI) can produce good aesthetic results after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). Various surgical incisions can be used for NSM. The purpose of this study is to compare outcomes of using an IBRI with dual-coverage fascial flap after NSM with an inframammary fold (IMF) or a radial (Rd) incision. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of 88 women who underwent IBRI with dual-coverage fascial flap from March 2015 to June 2018. Inframammary fold incision was used in 19 patients (22 breasts) and Rd incision in 69 patients (75 breasts). In the dual-coverage method, acellular dermal matrix covered the inferomedial quadrant of the breast, and conjoined fascial flap covered the remaining inferolateral quadrant. Patient-reported satisfaction was assessed using the Breast-Q questionnaire, and plastic surgeons assessed aesthetic postoperative scores. RESULTS Complications and reoperation rates of 2 incisions were as follows skin flap necrosis rate showed significant difference between 2 groups (IMF, 0.0% [0/22]; Rd, 16.0% [12/75]; P less then 0.05). The other complication rates, hematoma, seroma, infection, capsular contracture, and total reoperations showed no significant difference. Postoperative Breast-Q scores were higher in the IMF group (331.9 ± 10.1) than in the Rd group (311.4 ± 11.0; P less then 0.05), indicating higher satisfactory rate in the IMF group than in the Rd group. Surgeon-reported scores for breast symmetry, contour, and scar appearance were also higher in the IMF group (P less then 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Immediate breast reconstruction with implant with dual-coverage fascial flap after NSM with IMF incision was associated with a lower rate of postoperative skin flap necrosis and improved patient satisfaction, compared with Rd incision. Inframammary fold incisions were associated with improved scar and breast appearance. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.PURPOSE The main cause of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is pathological changes in the flexor synovium, which is a known cause of pressure elevation in the carpal tunnel. The importance of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL) in the pathogenesis of CTS has hitherto been overlooked. However, the TCL significantly affects carpal biomechanics; the TCL is known to affect the carpal bone to a greater extent when intra carpal tunnel pressure is high. In addition, the effect of TCL properties on the progression course of idiopathic CTS is unknown.Therefore, we hypothesized that TCL thickness, measured using ultrasonography, would influence the results of conservative treatment for CTS patients with mild to moderate symptoms. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the ultrasound-measured TCL thickness and idiopathic carpal tunnel conservative treatment surgery rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the wrists of 127 patients with mild to moderate symptoms of CTS. The patients were diagnosed on the basis of and symptom duration. CONCLUSIONS Transverse carpal ligament thickness affects disease progression and may affect treatment efficacy, depending on the treatment method. Transverse carpal ligament thickness may be a criterion for deciding between surgical and conservative treatments based on a thickness threshold of 1.5 mm.The nasal tip constitutes the mobile portion of the nose, in direct contraposition to the pyramid that is a fixed structure. Its configuration, position, and shape are derived mainly from the outline and from the thickness of the wing cartilages, important elements of the nasal tip, that together with skin and subcutaneous tissue can deeply influence the configuration and dynamics of this section of the nose as well. In reshaping the nasal tip, 2 fundamental concepts must be considered projection and rotation; these may be modified, acting on the nasal cartilaginous framework and/or on the superficial nasal fibromuscular structure (SMAS). The aims of this study are to evaluate the nasal tip changes in terms of rotation and projection obtained just acting on superficial muscle aponeurotic deep medial layer without performing any dissection or modification of the nasal tip framework, and to try to explain these possible changes according to the SMAS structure rearrangements only. Twenty-one patients (18 female and 3 male) were subjected to closed rhinoplasty, without tip cartilage dissection/modification. Preoperative and postoperative tip rotation angle, nasolabial angle, and tip projection were measured. The only tip procedure performed was the resection of the SMAS deep medial layer. Our results show significant rotation of the nasal tip and no statistically significant tip deprojection.BACKGROUND We characterized B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases over 10 years at a tertiary children's hospital to contribute to the body of knowledge on pediatric lymphoma in developing countries with a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was carried out using clinical and laboratory records of children newly diagnosed with B-cell NHL from January 2005 to December 2014. RESULTS Seventy-five children ≤15 years of age were included.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sn-001.html  The majority had Burkitt lymphoma (n=61). Overall, (n=19) were HIV positive and 16% (n=12) had concurrent active tuberculosis. Bulky disease was present in 65.7% (n=46) and 30.1% (n=22) were classified as Lymphomes Malins B risk group C. The 5-year survival estimates for HIV-negative and HIV-positive children were similar in our cohort 81% versus 79% for event-free survival and 85% versus 83.9% for overall survival. Of 3 children with Burkitt lymphoma, HIV, and Lymphomes Malins B group C, 2 died within 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of HIV status, the survival of children in our B-cell NHL cohort compares favorably with cure rates in developed nations, although advanced disease remains associated with a poor prognosis.